HVAC PT ChartsVerified saturation data · 61 refrigerants
RefrigerantASHRAE R-410A

R-410A

A1Non-flammableHFC blend AIM Act phase-down
R-32/R-125 (50/50)

Near-azeotropic 50/50 R-32 / R-125 blend that replaced R-22 in residential AC from 2010 through January 2025, now phased down for new equipment under the EPA AIM Act.

Saturation @ 70°F
201.8PSIG
GWP (IPCC AR5)
2088100-yr
Temperature glide
≈0°F
Boiling point
-60.6°F
Sourced facts
ASHRAE safety class
A1[src]
Composition (mass)
50% R-32 / 50% R-125±1%[src]
GWP (100-yr)
2088IPCC AR5[src]
ODP
0[src]
Normal boiling point
−60.6°F (−51.4°C)[src]
Required lubricant
POE[src]
New-equipment status (US)
Discontinued[src]
Service availability
Indefinite[src]
R-410A PT calculator Operating pressures Superheat
A1
Non-flammable

Lower toxicity (Occupational Exposure Limit ≥ 400 ppm). No flame propagation in air at standard atmospheric pressure and 60°C. R-134a, R-22, R-410A, R-404A, R-744 (CO2) are A1.

Flammability
None (no flame propagation)
Toxicity
Lower (OEL ≥ 400 ppm)

Classification per ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2022. See full reference.

01

Saturation pressure-temperature curve

Pressure
Temperature
°F
70°F: 201.8 PSIG
Quick lookup — R-410A
201.8PSIG(1,391 kPa)
Range: -40 to 150°FOpen full PT calculator →
Common service temperatures
32°F
101PSIG
Freezing
45°F
131PSIG
Heat-pump heat
70°F
202PSIG
Standard
75°F
219PSIG
Test ref
80°F
237PSIG
Warm
95°F
296PSIG
Summer peak

Saturation values from CoolProp 7.2.0 R410A.mix. Operating pressure on a running system differs — see what R-410A operating pressures should be.

02

R-410A PT chart PDF — printable saturation table

Looking for the R-410A PT chart PDF for shop reference? The complete pressure-temperature saturation table is below — every 1° increment from −40°F to 150°F (or to the refrigerant's critical temperature). Use the Print / Save as PDF button in the table header to download a clean, table-only PDF (the rest of the page is hidden from the print output). Important service temperatures (normal boiling point, freezing point of water, residential AC evap and condenser targets) are tinted and tagged in the table for at-a-glance shop reference.

R-410A PT Chart — Pressure-Temperature Saturation Table

1° increments · Source: CoolProp 7.2.0 / manufacturer datasheet · hvacptcharts.com

R-410A · 1° increments · °F / PSIG
Tinted rows: 32°F H₂O freeze · 40°F AC evap target · 70°F Room T · 95°F AHRI design ambient
R-410A pressure-temperature saturation table in Fahrenheit and PSIG
Temp (°F)Pressure (PSIG)
-40°F10.8
-39°F11.4
-38°F12.1
-37°F12.7
-36°F13.4
-35°F14.1
-34°F14.8
-33°F15.6
-32°F16.3
-31°F17.1
-30°F17.8
-29°F18.6
-28°F19.4
-27°F20.2
-26°F21.0
-25°F21.9
-24°F22.7
-23°F23.6
-22°F24.5
-21°F25.4
-20°F26.3
-19°F27.3
-18°F28.2
-17°F29.2
-16°F30.2
-15°F31.2
-14°F32.2
-13°F33.3
-12°F34.3
-11°F35.4
-10°F36.5
-9°F37.6
-8°F38.7
-7°F39.9
-6°F41.0
-5°F42.2
-4°F43.4
-3°F44.6
-2°F45.9
-1°F47.1
0°F48.4
1°F49.7
2°F51.1
3°F52.4
4°F53.8
5°F55.2
6°F56.6
7°F58.0
8°F59.5
9°F60.9
10°F62.4
11°F63.9
12°F65.5
13°F67.0
14°F68.6
15°F70.3
16°F71.9
17°F73.5
18°F75.2
19°F76.9
20°F78.7
21°F80.4
22°F82.2
23°F84.0
24°F85.8
25°F87.7
26°F89.6
27°F91.5
28°F93.4
29°F95.4
30°F97.4
31°F99.4
32°FH₂O freeze101.4
33°F103.5
34°F105.6
35°F107.7
36°F109.9
37°F112.1
38°F114.3
39°F116.5
40°FAC evap target118.8
41°F121.1
42°F123.4
43°F125.8
44°F128.2
45°F130.6
46°F133.0
47°F135.5
48°F138.0
49°F140.6
50°F143.2
51°F145.8
52°F148.4
53°F151.1
54°F153.8
55°F156.5
56°F159.3
57°F162.1
58°F164.9
59°F167.8
60°F170.7
61°F173.7
62°F176.6
63°F179.7
64°F182.7
65°F185.8
66°F188.9
67°F192.1
68°F195.3
69°F198.5
70°FRoom T201.8
71°F205.1
72°F208.4
73°F211.8
74°F215.2
75°F218.7
76°F222.2
77°F225.7
78°F229.3
79°F232.9
80°F236.5
81°F240.2
82°F244.0
83°F247.8
84°F251.6
85°F255.4
86°F259.3
87°F263.3
88°F267.3
89°F271.3
90°F275.4
91°F279.5
92°F283.6
93°F287.8
94°F292.1
95°FAHRI design ambient296.4
96°F300.7
97°F305.1
98°F309.5
99°F314.0
100°F318.5
101°F323.1
102°F327.7
103°F332.4
104°F337.1
105°F341.9
106°F346.7
114°F387.0
115°F392.3
117°F402.9
118°F408.4
119°F413.9
120°F419.4
121°F425.0
122°F430.6
123°F436.4
124°F442.1
125°F447.9
126°F453.8
127°F459.8
128°F465.8
129°F471.8
130°F477.9
131°F484.1
132°F490.3
133°F496.6
134°F503.0
135°F509.4
136°F515.9
137°F522.5
138°F529.1
139°F535.8
140°F542.5
141°F549.3
142°F556.2
143°F563.2
144°F570.2
145°F577.3
146°F584.5
147°F591.7
148°F599.0
149°F606.4
150°F613.9
CoolProp 7.2.0 · PSIG/kPa = gauge · PSIA = PSIG + 14.696 · kPa(abs) = kPa(gauge) + 101.325

Full saturation values at 1° increments — toggle between °F / PSIG and °C / kPa. Use Print / Save as PDF for laminated shop reference, or download the CSV / JSON below for use in other tools. R-410A PT chart data: CoolProp 7.2.0 (REFPROP-compatible Helmholtz EOS) or manufacturer datasheet, validated against AHRI Standard 700-2019.

03

At a glance

Chemistry

R-32/R-125 (50/50)
Binary HFC blend

Lubricant compatibility

POEMOAB

POE required. Near-azeotropic (glide <1°F) so it behaves close to a pure refrigerant. Operating pressures roughly 60% higher than equivalent R-22 systems — gauges, hoses, and recovery equipment must be appropriately rated.

Blend composition

  • R-3250.0%
  • R-12550.0%

Trade names

  • PuronCarrier
  • Genetron AZ-20Honeywell
  • Suva 410AChemours
  • Forane 410AArkema

Common applications

  • Residential central air conditioning (existing equipment)
  • Heat pumps (residential and light commercial)
  • Light commercial split systems
  • Packaged rooftop units (legacy)
04

Properties

  • Boiling point (1 atm)
    -51.4°C / -60.6°F
  • Critical point
    No single point — blend critical locus
  • Molar mass
    72.58 g/mol
  • Temperature glide
    Negligible (-0.19°F)
  • ODP
    0
  • GWP (AR5, 100-yr)
    2088
  • GWP (AR6, 100-yr)
    2256
05

What is R-410A?

R-410A is an ASHRAE-designated near-azeotropic blend of difluoromethane (R-32) and pentafluoroethane (R-125) in equal mass proportions [ashrae34]. The blend was commercialized in 1996 by Carrier under the trade name Puron and by Honeywell as Genetron AZ-20, then adopted across the industry as the new-equipment replacement for R-22 ahead of the Montreal Protocol HCFC phase-out.

The 50/50 mass composition was engineered for two reasons. The mixture is near-azeotropic — bubble and dew temperatures coincide within about 0.2°F at typical operating pressures — which lets technicians treat R-410A as effectively a pure refrigerant for superheat and subcooling measurement [coolprop]. The component balance also keeps the blend safely non-flammable (ASHRAE class A1), since pure R-32 alone is A2L (mildly flammable) and would require different equipment design.

R-410A delivers roughly 60-65% higher volumetric capacity than R-22 at equivalent saturation temperatures, which translates to physically smaller compressors and condensers for the same cooling output. That capacity gain came with a higher operating-pressure envelope — service equipment rated for R-22 systems (typically 500 PSI manifold gauges) cannot handle R-410A's ~800 PSI working range, and the higher pressures drove a generation of equipment redesign in 2003-2010 [accamanualT].

Where R-410A is used

  • Residential central air conditioning — US installations from 2003 through 2024
  • Residential and light commercial heat pumps
  • Light commercial split systems and packaged rooftop units
  • VRF / VRV systems in the residential and light commercial segment
  • Some commercial chillers (less common; chiller market largely R-134a / R-1234ze)

Regulatory & phase-down status

The EPA AIM Act (Public Law 116-260) and its implementing rules at 40 CFR Part 84 prohibit production and import of HFCs exceeding 700-GWP in new residential AC equipment manufactured on or after 1 January 2025 [aimact]. R-410A's GWP of 2088 places it almost 3× above the threshold; new equipment now ships with R-32 (GWP 675) or R-454B (GWP 466), both of which fall just under the regulatory line.

The phase-down does not affect existing R-410A equipment. Service of installed R-410A systems remains legal indefinitely under current EPA rules — technicians can charge, repair, and recover R-410A from the installed base for as long as the equipment runs. What is changing is the supply side, not the legality side.

AIM Act production allocations step down through the next decade — 70% of baseline by 2029, 80% by 2034, and 85% by 2036 [aimact]. As virgin HFC production tightens, reclaimed R-410A (recovered from end-of-life equipment, processed back to AHRI 700 spec, and resold) will fill an increasing share of the service supply. Pricing will track scarcity — expect rising costs through the 2030s.

Service notes

Polyolester (POE) oil is the only lubricant compatible with R-410A — mineral oil and alkylbenzene, the historical R-22 lubricants, are not miscible with R-410A and will not return to the compressor [ahri700]. Typical residential R-410A systems use ISO 32 viscosity POE; commercial applications may use ISO 22 or ISO 46. Verify viscosity grade against the equipment OEM service literature.

POE oil is hygroscopic — it absorbs moisture from atmospheric humidity within minutes of being exposed to ambient air. Moisture in a sealed refrigeration system reacts with POE to form acidic byproducts that corrode metal surfaces and degrade the oil's lubrication performance. The defense is rigorous vacuum: pull to 500 microns and verify the reading holds for at least 30 minutes before opening the system to refrigerant. A failing vacuum hold indicates a leak or residual moisture that must be resolved before charging.

R-410A's operating pressures sit roughly 60-65% above R-22 at equivalent saturation temperatures, which has equipment implications throughout the service chain. Manifold gauge sets, charging hoses, recovery cylinders, and recovery machines must all be rated for the 800 PSI high-side envelope typical of R-410A residential AC [accamanualT]. Using R-22-rated 500 PSI equipment risks rupture and is not permitted under any HVAC service standard.

07

Operating cycle

CompressorRaises pressureCondenserRejects heat to outdoorsExpansion deviceDrops pressureEvaporatorAbsorbs heat from indoorsDischarge: 367 PSIG, 180°FLiquid: 367 PSIG, 100°FEvap inlet: 119 PSIG, 40°F (two-phase)Suction: 119 PSIG, 50°FTypical residential cooling cycle for R-410A (40°F evap, 110°F condenser, 10°F superheat, 10°F subcooling)
08

Phase-down timeline

2025202620272028202920302031203220332034203520362037today (2026-06-12)
2025-01-01
AIM Act: new residential AC equipment transitions to A2L refrigerants (R-32, R-454B)
2029-01-01
AIM Act phase-down: 70% reduction baseline
2036-01-01
AIM Act phase-down: 85% reduction baseline
Regulatory timeline for R-410A
09

Global warming potential, in context

Residential air conditioning

R-454B466R-32675R-452B698R-407C1.8kR-221.8kR-410A2.1kEU F-Gas (150)EPA AIM Act (700)
10

Retrofit and replacement paths

R-410A replaces

Replacements for R-410A

Reading the pressure-temperature chart

The PT chart above plots saturation pressure on the vertical axis against temperature on the horizontal axis. The curve is the boundary between liquid and vapor at thermodynamic equilibrium — above the line the refrigerant is vapor, below it the refrigerant is subcooled liquid, on the line the two phases coexist.

For service work, the chart answers two questions in either direction. Read across from a measured temperature to find the saturation pressure that should appear at that point in the cycle. Read up from a measured manifold pressure to find the saturation temperature, then compare to the actual line temperature to compute superheat (suction side) or subcooling (liquid side).

Near-azeotropic means service simplification

R-410A's composition keeps bubble and dew temperatures within about 0.2°F across the operating range [coolprop]. The single-curve PT chart applies to both phase boundaries without meaningful error — a service simplification compared to zeotropic blends like R-407C (11°F glide) or R-454C (14°F glide) where bubble and dew must be tracked separately.

Why R-410A operates ~60% higher than R-22

R-410A's component refrigerants are smaller molecules with higher vapor pressures than R-22 at any given temperature. R-32 boils at −61°F at atmospheric pressure; R-125 boils at −55°F; R-22 boils at −41°F. The 50/50 R-32/R-125 blend inherits the lower boiling point of its components, which means at any temperature in the operating range, R-410A's saturation pressure sits roughly 60-65% above R-22's.

At a 95°F outdoor design ambient, an R-22 system runs about 181 PSIG saturation versus R-410A's 278 PSIG (CoolProp 7.2.0). On a 70°F bench-test condition the spread is 121 PSIG (R-22) versus 202 PSIG (R-410A). The ratio is consistent across the residential operating envelope.

The higher pressure envelope drives all the R-410A equipment-design changes that distinguish it from R-22 in the field. Compressor housings, condenser tubing, expansion valves, accumulators, and service ports all carry higher pressure ratings [accamanualT]. Manifold gauge sets jump from R-22's 500 PSI standard to R-410A's 800 PSI standard. Recovery cylinder pressure ratings, hose burst pressures, and OEM service procedures all reflect the same scaling.

What the 50/50 R-32/R-125 composition is doing

R-32 alone delivers excellent thermodynamic performance — high volumetric capacity, good efficiency, low GWP — but it is mildly flammable (ASHRAE class A2L). R-125 alone is non-flammable but has very high GWP (3170 per IPCC AR5) and low critical temperature that limits its use as a standalone refrigerant.

The 50/50 mass blend keeps R-410A in the A1 (non-flammable) safety classification by leveraging R-125's flame-suppression behavior against R-32's flammability. The trade-off is GWP — at 2088, R-410A carries roughly 3× the climate impact of pure R-32 (675), driven mostly by the R-125 contribution.

The engineering trade-off behind the phase-down

This is the engineering reason R-32 became the post-R-410A refrigerant of choice once the AIM Act's 700-GWP threshold made R-410A non-viable for new equipment. R-32 alone clears the threshold (675 < 700); the cost is moving residential AC equipment design from A1 to A2L [ul60335]. Carrier, Trane, and Lennox went a different direction with R-454B (R-32 + R-1234yf, GWP 466) — also A2L, slightly lower GWP, slightly more glide.

Why ODP is zero but GWP still matters

Ozone-depletion potential (ODP) measures a refrigerant's capacity to deplete the stratospheric ozone layer. R-410A's ODP is 0 because both R-32 and R-125 are fluorine-only HFCs with no chlorine — chlorine atoms released in the stratosphere are what catalytically destroy ozone, and R-410A has none [ashrae34].

The ozone-depletion problem is what drove the Montreal Protocol phase-out of R-22 (an HCFC with ODP 0.055) and R-12 (a CFC with ODP 1.0) in 1996. R-410A was designed specifically to be ozone-friendly, which is why it became the new-equipment replacement for R-22 starting in 2010.

Global warming potential is a separate environmental metric — climate impact rather than ozone depletion. R-410A's GWP of 2088 means a 1 kg release contributes the same atmospheric warming over 100 years as 2,088 kg of CO₂. The two metrics are independent: a refrigerant can have zero ODP and still high GWP (R-410A), high ODP and low GWP (some legacy CFCs), or both low (R-744 CO₂, R-290 propane, modern HFOs).

IPCC AR5 vs AR6 — why the GWP number is debated

The R-410A GWP value of 2088 comes from IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5, 2014), specifically Table 8.A.1 in Working Group I, Chapter 8 [ipccar5]. This is the figure the EPA uses for AIM Act regulatory determinations, including the 700-GWP threshold for residential AC equipment.

IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6, 2021) updated the atmospheric chemistry models that compute GWP and produced slightly different values for many HFCs — typically within ±15% of AR5 figures [ipccar6]. For R-410A specifically, AR6 figures vary by literature source; some publications cite ~1924 (mass-weighted from AR6 R-32 of 771 + R-125 of 3170). US regulation continues to use AR5 for compliance to keep policy values stable.

Which figure to cite

For US regulatory work, cite the AR5 value (2088) — that's what EPA, SNAP determinations, and AIM Act allocations use. For scientific or international communication referencing the most current radiative-forcing science, AR6 values may be more appropriate. The site uses AR5 to match the regulatory frame.

Why critical point and molar mass matter

Critical temperature is the upper bound on saturation behavior. Above the critical temperature, no clear liquid/vapor distinction exists — the refrigerant is a single supercritical phase that cannot condense at any pressure. R-410A's critical point (around 158°F / 70°C, for a blend with no single critical point this is the critical locus midpoint) is well above ambient temperature, so the full saturation curve is usable in normal HVAC operation.

This is why R-410A works for normal air-cooled condensing applications but R-744 (CO₂, critical temperature 87.8°F) requires transcritical operation in warm climates. Refrigerants with low critical temperatures need different cycle architectures; refrigerants with high critical temperatures (R-410A, R-22, R-134a) work in standard vapor-compression cycles across the full residential temperature range.

Molar mass affects volumetric refrigeration capacity. R-410A's blend molar mass of about 72.6 g/mol gives it the high volumetric capacity that allows smaller compressors compared to lighter refrigerants. R-32 alone at 52 g/mol has even higher specific capacity — about 10-15% above R-410A in equivalent equipment — which is one reason R-32 is the pure-component R-410A replacement for new equipment [coolprop].

How to read the common service temperatures

The quick-lookup pills above the PT chart show R-410A saturation pressures at six service-relevant temperatures. Each maps to a typical operational condition you would encounter in residential or light commercial AC work.

  • 32°F (freezing) — the iced-up evaporator temperature; if your suction sat T drops here on a working system, suspect low charge or restricted airflow.
  • 45°F (heat-pump heating) — typical winter outdoor coil saturation temperature when a heat pump is in heating mode and the coil is the evaporator.
  • 70°F (standard reference) — used for bench testing and as the comparison point in HVAC literature.
  • 75°F (test reference) — typical indoor return-air conditions for AC system rating.
  • 80°F (warm-weather operation) — common condenser-saturation differential point.
  • 95°F (summer peak) — the AHRI 210/240 test condition for residential AC ratings; R-410A saturation at 95°F is approximately 278 PSIG.

Comparing the chart value at your operating ambient to the manifold reading lets you isolate the refrigeration-side state from the air-side state. A condenser running at 278 PSIG on a 95°F day is at saturation — anything above that PSIG indicates the saturation temperature is higher than 95°F, meaning the condenser needs more air, has fouling, or has overcharge.

Service equipment scaling vs R-22 — full reference table

R-410A's service-equipment requirements are not subtle adjustments to R-22 practice — they are pressure-rating step changes that drove a complete generation of HVAC service tools.

| Equipment | R-22 | R-410A | | --- | --- | --- | | Manifold gauge high-side rating | 500 PSI | 800 PSI | | Recovery cylinder | 400 PSI service / 500 PSI burst | 600 PSI service / 800 PSI burst | | Charging hose | 500 PSI working | 800 PSI working | | Recovery machine | R-22 rated | R-410A rated (separate certification) | | Lubricant | Mineral oil or alkylbenzene | POE only (ISO 32 typical) | | Vacuum target | 500 microns | 500 microns held 30+ min (POE hygroscopic) | | Service port type | Standard 1/4" SAE | 5/16" SAE (R-410A-specific) |

The R-22 to R-410A transition between 2003-2010 forced contractors to replace entire service-tool inventories. Using R-22-rated equipment on R-410A risks rupture and is not permitted under any HVAC service standard. POE oil's moisture sensitivity adds vacuum-procedure discipline beyond R-22 practice.

POE lubricant — why hygroscopic chemistry matters

Polyolester (POE) oil is the synthetic lubricant required for R-410A and other HFC refrigerants. The chemistry is fundamentally different from R-22's mineral oil — POE molecules are designed to mix with the highly polar HFC refrigerant molecules and return to the compressor in the refrigerant flow. Mineral oil (a non-polar hydrocarbon) is not miscible with HFCs and would separate, causing compressor lubrication failure within hours [ahri700].

The downside of POE chemistry is hygroscopy — POE molecules contain ester groups that attract water molecules. A POE oil container left open to a 50% humidity environment for an hour absorbs enough moisture to significantly degrade its lubrication performance. In a sealed refrigeration system, water reacts with POE to form weak organic acids that corrode copper and aluminum surfaces over time.

The service defense is two-part. First, minimize oil exposure to atmospheric humidity — close oil containers immediately after pouring, do not leave the system open longer than necessary during service. Second, pull deep vacuum (500 microns) and verify it holds for at least 30 minutes before charging refrigerant; any vacuum decay indicates moisture or leak that must be resolved.

AIM Act timeline — what happens through 2036

The EPA AIM Act technology transitions rule prohibits new residential AC equipment using ≤700-GWP refrigerants effective 1 January 2025 [aimact]. R-410A's GWP of 2088 placed it well outside the allowed range; new equipment now uses R-32 or R-454B.

Separately, the AIM Act caps total US HFC production and import on a baseline-percentage schedule. The baseline was set at the 2011-2013 US HFC consumption average, and the schedule reduces allocations over time: 40% reduction by 2024 (already in effect), 70% by 2029, 80% by 2034, and 85% by 2036. Each step tightens the legally available supply of all HFCs across all end-uses.

For R-410A specifically, this means service refrigerant pricing will rise gradually as the share of virgin R-410A in total HFC allocations drops. Reclaimed R-410A — recovered from end-of-life equipment, reprocessed back to AHRI 700 purity spec, and resold — will fill an increasing share of the service market. By 2036 the service market is expected to be majority-reclaimed.

How to think about R-410A in 2026 and beyond

R-410A is a mature, well-understood refrigerant whose installed base will run for another 15-20 years. Equipment installed in 2024 will be operating well into the 2040s. The service supply will adjust to a reclaimed-refrigerant economy as virgin production tightens through the AIM Act baselines.

For new equipment decisions, R-410A is no longer offered — the choice is R-32 (Daikin, Mitsubishi, LG, Fujitsu) or R-454B (Carrier, Trane, Lennox). Both are A2L, both clear the 700-GWP threshold, both use POE oil similar to R-410A. Service technician training is shifting accordingly through 2025-2027 [ul60335].

For existing R-410A equipment, the operational profile has not changed. Refrigerant cost will rise gradually through the 2030s as virgin production allocations decline; major component failures will increasingly tip the repair-versus-replace calculation toward replacement with new R-32 or R-454B equipment.

11

Frequently asked

›What is the normal operating pressure of R-410A?

On a 95°F outdoor day with a properly charged residential R-410A system, expect low-side (suction) pressures around 130 PSIG and high-side (discharge) pressures of 350-400 PSIG. R-410A saturation pressure at 95°F is approximately 278 PSIG (CoolProp 7.2.0); actual operating values depend on superheat, subcooling, ambient, and indoor load.

›What does R-410A's GWP of 2088 mean in practical terms?

Global Warming Potential is a relative atmospheric-warming metric over 100 years against CO₂ (which is defined as GWP 1). A 1 kg release of R-410A traps roughly 2,088 times more heat than 1 kg of CO₂ over that horizon (IPCC AR5 Table 8.A.1). The EPA uses this figure to assign R-410A above the AIM Act's 700-GWP threshold for new residential AC equipment.

›Can I retrofit an R-22 system to R-410A?

No. R-410A operates at approximately 60-65% higher pressures than R-22 and uses POE oil rather than R-22's mineral oil — both incompatible with R-22-rated components and lubricant. A real conversion requires new compressor, expansion device, and often the indoor coil; the economics favor full equipment replacement.

For an actual R-22 retrofit where full replacement isn't feasible, the established drop-in blends are R-407C, R-422D, R-438A, and R-427A — all mineral-oil-compatible HFC blends formulated for R-22 service pressures.

›Is R-410A flammable?

R-410A is ASHRAE safety class A1 — non-toxic and non-flammable under normal handling conditions [ashrae34]. Both component refrigerants (R-32 and R-125) are individually non-flammable in the 50/50 blend formulation. Its near-term replacements R-32 (A2L) and R-454B (A2L) are mildly flammable and require A2L-rated equipment per UL 60335-2-40 [ul60335].

›When will R-410A be phased out completely?

New residential AC equipment using R-410A has not been produced since 1 January 2025 under the EPA AIM Act technology transitions rule [aimact]. R-410A itself remains legal to service existing equipment indefinitely under current US regulations. Total US HFC production is capped at 30% of baseline by 2029, 20% by 2034, and 15% by 2036 — reclaimed R-410A will fill the gap for the installed base.

›What lubricant does R-410A use?

Polyolester (POE) oil — typically ISO 32 viscosity for residential split systems, ISO 22 or 46 for some commercial applications (verify against equipment OEM). Mineral oil and alkylbenzene — the standards for R-22 and R-12 — are not miscible with R-410A and will not return to the compressor [ahri700].

POE oil absorbs moisture from atmospheric humidity rapidly. Minimize the time the oil container is open, pull vacuum to 500 microns held ≥30 minutes before charging, and replace the filter-drier on any major service intervention.

›What's the difference between R-410A and R-32?

R-32 is one of the two components of the R-410A blend (the other is R-125, also at 50% mass) [ashrae34]. R-32 alone is now used as the new-equipment refrigerant replacing R-410A in many residential AC markets — pure R-32 has GWP 675 (vs R-410A's 2088) and slightly higher capacity, but moves the safety class from A1 (R-410A) to A2L (R-32, mildly flammable).

R-32 systems require A2L-rated equipment: sealed motors, charge limits per UL 60335-2-40, and A2L-rated leak detection in the refrigerant circuit. R-410A and R-32 are not service-interchangeable — different equipment, different procedures.

›Why is R-410A also called Puron, AZ-20, or SUVA 410A?

Those are manufacturer trade names for the same ASHRAE-designated R-410A composition. Carrier launched its R-410A residential AC line in 1996 under the brand name Puron. Honeywell markets R-410A as Genetron AZ-20 [honeywellgenetron]; Chemours (formerly DuPont) markets it as Suva 410A [chemourssuva]. All meet the same ASHRAE Standard 34 composition spec (50/50 R-32/R-125) and AHRI Standard 700 purity spec.

Download this dataset

Full PT chart for R-410A · CC BY 4.0 · attribute the source

CSV JSON
13

Sources & citations

  1. [1]
    ASHRAE Standard 34-2022 — Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants
    2022https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/standards-and-guidelines
  2. [2]
    IPCC AR5 (2014) Working Group I, Chapter 8, Table 8.A.1 — Global Warming Potentials
    2014https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/
  3. [3]
    IPCC AR6 (2021) Working Group I, Chapter 7, Annex IIIA — Updated GWP values
    2021https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/
  4. [4]
    EPA AIM Act — 40 CFR Part 84 Subpart B (HFC Phase-down Allocation and Trading)
    Final Rule Oct 2021, amended 2023; technology transitions rule Oct 2023https://www.epa.gov/climate-hfcs-reduction
  5. [5]
    EPA Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) — Acceptable substitutes by end-use
    https://www.epa.gov/snap
  6. [6]
    Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol (2016) — HFC phase-down framework
    2016 (US ratified Sep 2022)https://ozone.unep.org/treaties/montreal-protocol/amendments/kigali-amendment-2016
  7. [7]
    CoolProp 7.2.0 (Bell, Wronski, Quoilin, Lemort 2014) — REFPROP-compatible Helmholtz EOS
    2014 (continually updated)http://www.coolprop.org/doi:10.1021/ie4033999
  8. [8]
    AHRI Standard 700-2019 — Specifications for Refrigerants
    2019https://www.ahrinet.org/search-standards
  9. [9]
    UL 60335-2-40 / IEC 60335-2-40 — Safety of household and commercial AC equipment
    https://www.ul.com/services/ul-60335-standards
  10. [10]
    ACCA Manual T — Air-Side and Refrigerant-Side Diagnostics
    https://www.acca.org/standards
  11. [11]
    Honeywell Genetron AZ-20 (R-410A) Technical Information
    https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/americas/
  12. [12]
    Chemours Suva 410A (Puron) Product Data Sheet
    https://www.chemours.com/en/products/refrigerants

Data sources & provenance

PT chart
CoolProp 7.2.0 R410A.mix
Cross-checked against
CoolProp 7.2.0 (R410A.mix); Arkema Forane 410A PT chart; Honeywell Genetron AZ-20 PT chart; ASHRAE Handbook of Refrigeration 2022
Properties
CoolProp 7.2.0 + ASHRAE Standard 34-2022
GWP
IPCC AR5 Table 8.A.1 (composition-weighted)
Generated
2026-06-12

Reference material. Always verify pressure values against the equipment data plate and manufacturer service literature before charging or troubleshooting a specific system. Saturation pressure differs from operating pressure — see superheat & subcooling fundamentals.