R452A PT Chart
Updated October 12, 2026
R-452A
Ternary HFC/HFO blend (11% R-32 / 59% R-125 / 30% R-1234yf). Branded as Chemours Opteon XP44. ASHRAE A1, GWP 2,140 — engineered for transport refrigeration where R-404A's capacity and low-temperature performance are critical.
R-452A saturation pressure splits across its glide: dew 79.5 PSIG at 40°F, bubble 247.8 PSIG at 100°F, and 140.1–156.9 PSIG dew-to-bubble at 70°F. Use the dew column for superheat and the bubble column for subcooling. The full table below runs from −40°F to 150°F in 1°F steps.
Not yet checked against an independent source.
- Temperature glide
- 7.0°F at a 40°F dew point[3]
R-452A PT chart — printable saturation table
Looking for the R-452A PT chart PDF for shop reference? The complete pressure-temperature saturation table is below: every 1° increment from −40°F to 150°F (or to the refrigerant's critical temperature). Use the Print / Save as PDF button in the table header to download a clean, table-only PDF (the rest of the page is hidden from the print output).
R-452A PT Chart — Pressure-Temperature Saturation Table
Computed with CoolProp 7.2.0 in 1°F steps · hvacptcharts.com
| Temp (°F) | Bubble (PSIG) | Dew (PSIG) |
|---|---|---|
| −40°F | 5.7 | 2.4 |
| −39°F | 6.2 | 2.8 |
| −38°F | 6.7 | 3.3 |
| −37°F | 7.3 | 3.8 |
| −36°F | 7.8 | 4.2 |
| −35°F | 8.4 | 4.7 |
| −34°F | 8.9 | 5.2 |
| −33°F | 9.5 | 5.7 |
| −32°F | 10.1 | 6.2 |
| −31°F | 10.7 | 6.8 |
| −30°F | 11.3 | 7.3 |
| −29°F | 12.0 | 7.8 |
| −28°F | 12.6 | 8.4 |
| −27°F | 13.3 | 9.0 |
| −26°F | 13.9 | 9.6 |
| −25°F | 14.6 | 10.1 |
| −24°F | 15.3 | 10.7 |
| −23°F | 16.0 | 11.4 |
| −22°F | 16.7 | 12.0 |
| −21°F | 17.4 | 12.6 |
| −20°F | 18.2 | 13.3 |
| −19°F | 18.9 | 13.9 |
| −18°F | 19.7 | 14.6 |
| −17°F | 20.4 | 15.3 |
| −16°F | 21.2 | 16.0 |
| −15°F | 22.0 | 16.7 |
| −14°F | 22.8 | 17.4 |
| −13°F | 23.7 | 18.1 |
| −12°F | 24.5 | 18.9 |
| −11°F | 25.4 | 19.6 |
| −10°F | 26.3 | 20.4 |
| −9°F | 27.1 | 21.2 |
| −8°F | 28.0 | 22.0 |
| −7°F | 29.0 | 22.8 |
| −6°F | 29.9 | 23.6 |
| −5°F | 30.8 | 24.5 |
| −4°F | 31.8 | 25.3 |
| −3°F | 32.8 | 26.2 |
| −2°F | 33.8 | 27.1 |
| −1°F | 34.8 | 28.0 |
| 0°F | 35.8 | 28.9 |
| 1°F | 36.8 | 29.8 |
| 2°F | 37.9 | 30.8 |
| 3°F | 39.0 | 31.7 |
| 4°F | 40.1 | 32.7 |
| 5°F | 41.2 | 33.7 |
| 6°F | 42.3 | 34.7 |
| 7°F | 43.4 | 35.7 |
| 8°F | 44.6 | 36.8 |
| 9°F | 45.8 | 37.8 |
| 10°F | 46.9 | 38.9 |
| 11°F | 48.2 | 40.0 |
| 12°F | 49.4 | 41.1 |
| 13°F | 50.6 | 42.2 |
| 14°F | 51.9 | 43.3 |
| 15°F | 53.2 | 44.5 |
| 16°F | 54.5 | 45.7 |
| 17°F | 55.8 | 46.9 |
| 18°F | 57.1 | 48.1 |
| 19°F | 58.5 | 49.3 |
| 20°F | 59.9 | 50.5 |
| 21°F | 61.3 | 51.8 |
| 22°F | 62.7 | 53.1 |
| 23°F | 64.1 | 54.4 |
| 24°F | 65.6 | 55.7 |
| 25°F | 67.0 | 57.0 |
| 26°F | 68.5 | 58.4 |
| 27°F | 70.0 | 59.8 |
| 28°F | 71.6 | 61.2 |
| 29°F | 73.1 | 62.6 |
| 30°F | 74.7 | 64.0 |
| 31°F | 76.3 | 65.5 |
| 32°F H₂O freeze | 77.9 | 66.9 |
| 33°F | 79.6 | 68.4 |
| 34°F | 81.2 | 70.0 |
| 35°F | 82.9 | 71.5 |
| 36°F | 84.6 | 73.1 |
| 37°F | 86.3 | 74.6 |
| 38°F | 88.1 | 76.2 |
| 39°F | 89.9 | 77.9 |
| 40°F | 91.7 | 79.5 |
| 41°F | 93.5 | 81.2 |
| 42°F | 95.3 | 82.9 |
| 43°F | 97.2 | 84.6 |
| 44°F | 99.1 | 86.3 |
| 45°F | 101.0 | 88.1 |
| 46°F | 102.9 | 89.9 |
| 47°F | 104.9 | 91.7 |
| 48°F | 106.8 | 93.5 |
| 49°F | 108.9 | 95.4 |
| 50°F | 110.9 | 97.2 |
| 51°F | 112.9 | 99.1 |
| 52°F | 115.0 | 101.1 |
| 53°F | 117.1 | 103.0 |
| 54°F | 119.3 | 105.0 |
| 55°F | 121.4 | 107.0 |
| 56°F | 123.6 | 109.0 |
| 57°F | 125.8 | 111.1 |
| 58°F | 128.0 | 113.1 |
| 59°F | 130.3 | 115.2 |
| 60°F | 132.6 | 117.4 |
| 61°F | 134.9 | 119.5 |
| 62°F | 137.2 | 121.7 |
| 63°F | 139.6 | 123.9 |
| 64°F | 142.0 | 126.1 |
| 65°F | 144.4 | 128.4 |
| 66°F | 146.9 | 130.7 |
| 67°F | 149.3 | 133.0 |
| 68°F | 151.8 | 135.4 |
| 69°F | 154.4 | 137.7 |
| 70°F | 156.9 | 140.1 |
| 71°F | 159.5 | 142.6 |
| 72°F | 162.1 | 145.0 |
| 73°F | 164.8 | 147.5 |
| 74°F | 167.4 | 150.0 |
| 75°F | 170.1 | 152.6 |
| 76°F | 172.9 | 155.1 |
| 77°F | 175.6 | 157.7 |
| 78°F | 178.4 | 160.4 |
| 79°F | 181.3 | 163.0 |
| 80°F | 184.1 | 165.7 |
| 81°F | 187.0 | 168.5 |
| 82°F | 189.9 | 171.2 |
| 83°F | 192.8 | 174.0 |
| 84°F | 195.8 | 176.8 |
| 85°F | 198.8 | 179.7 |
| 86°F | 201.9 | 182.6 |
| 87°F | 204.9 | 185.5 |
| 88°F | 208.0 | 188.5 |
| 89°F | 211.2 | 191.4 |
| 90°F | 214.3 | 194.5 |
| 91°F | 217.5 | 197.5 |
| 92°F | 220.8 | 200.6 |
| 93°F | 224.0 | 203.7 |
| 94°F | 227.3 | 206.9 |
| 95°F | 230.7 | 210.1 |
| 96°F | 234.0 | 213.3 |
| 97°F | 237.4 | 216.6 |
| 98°F | 240.8 | 219.8 |
| 99°F | 244.3 | 223.2 |
| 100°F | 247.8 | 226.5 |
| 101°F | 251.3 | 230.0 |
| 102°F | 254.9 | 233.4 |
| 103°F | 258.5 | 236.9 |
| 104°F | 262.2 | 240.4 |
| 105°F | 265.8 | 243.9 |
| 106°F | 269.5 | 247.5 |
| 107°F | 273.3 | 251.2 |
| 108°F | 277.1 | 254.8 |
| 109°F | 280.9 | 258.6 |
| 110°F | 284.7 | 262.3 |
| 111°F | 288.6 | 266.1 |
| 112°F | 292.6 | 269.9 |
| 113°F | 296.5 | 273.8 |
| 114°F | 300.5 | 277.7 |
| 115°F | 304.6 | 281.7 |
| 116°F | 308.7 | 285.7 |
| 117°F | 312.8 | 289.7 |
| 118°F | 316.9 | 293.8 |
| 119°F | 321.1 | 297.9 |
| 120°F | 325.4 | 302.1 |
| 121°F | 329.6 | 306.3 |
| 122°F | 333.9 | 310.5 |
| 123°F | 338.3 | 314.8 |
| 124°F | 342.7 | 319.2 |
| 125°F | 347.1 | 323.6 |
| 126°F | 351.6 | 328.0 |
| 127°F | 356.1 | 332.5 |
| 128°F | 360.7 | 337.0 |
| 129°F | 365.3 | 341.6 |
| 130°F | 369.9 | 346.2 |
| 131°F | 374.6 | 350.9 |
| 132°F | 379.3 | 355.6 |
| 133°F | 384.1 | 360.4 |
| 134°F | 388.9 | 365.2 |
| 135°F | 393.7 | 370.1 |
| 136°F | 398.6 | 375.1 |
| 137°F | 403.6 | 380.0 |
| 138°F | 408.5 | 385.1 |
| 139°F | 413.6 | 390.2 |
| 140°F | 418.6 | 395.3 |
| 141°F | 423.7 | 400.5 |
| 142°F | 428.9 | 405.8 |
| 143°F | 434.1 | 411.1 |
| 144°F | 439.3 | 416.5 |
| 145°F | 444.6 | 422.0 |
| 146°F | 450.0 | 427.5 |
| 147°F | 455.3 | 433.1 |
| 148°F | 460.8 | 438.7 |
| 149°F | 466.2 | 444.4 |
| 150°F | 471.7 | 450.2 |
| Temp (°C) | Bubble (kPa) | Dew (kPa) |
|---|---|---|
| −40°C | 39 | 16 |
| −39°C | 46 | 22 |
| −38°C | 52 | 28 |
| −37°C | 59 | 34 |
| −36°C | 67 | 40 |
| −35°C | 74 | 47 |
| −34°C | 82 | 53 |
| −33°C | 90 | 60 |
| −32°C | 98 | 67 |
| −31°C | 106 | 75 |
| −30°C | 115 | 83 |
| −29°C | 124 | 91 |
| −28°C | 133 | 99 |
| −27°C | 143 | 107 |
| −26°C | 153 | 116 |
| −25°C | 163 | 125 |
| −24°C | 174 | 134 |
| −23°C | 185 | 144 |
| −22°C | 196 | 154 |
| −21°C | 207 | 164 |
| −20°C | 219 | 175 |
| −19°C | 231 | 186 |
| −18°C | 244 | 197 |
| −17°C | 257 | 208 |
| −16°C | 270 | 220 |
| −15°C | 284 | 232 |
| −14°C | 298 | 245 |
| −13°C | 312 | 258 |
| −12°C | 327 | 271 |
| −11°C | 342 | 285 |
| −10°C | 358 | 299 |
| −9°C | 374 | 313 |
| −8°C | 390 | 328 |
| −7°C | 407 | 343 |
| −6°C | 424 | 359 |
| −5°C | 442 | 375 |
| −4°C | 460 | 391 |
| −3°C | 479 | 408 |
| −2°C | 498 | 426 |
| −1°C | 517 | 443 |
| 0°C H₂O freeze | 537 | 462 |
| 1°C | 558 | 480 |
| 2°C | 579 | 499 |
| 3°C | 600 | 519 |
| 4°C | 622 | 539 |
| 5°C | 644 | 560 |
| 6°C | 667 | 581 |
| 7°C | 691 | 602 |
| 8°C | 715 | 625 |
| 9°C | 739 | 647 |
| 10°C | 765 | 670 |
| 11°C | 790 | 694 |
| 12°C | 816 | 718 |
| 13°C | 843 | 743 |
| 14°C | 870 | 769 |
| 15°C | 898 | 795 |
| 16°C | 927 | 821 |
| 17°C | 956 | 848 |
| 18°C | 986 | 876 |
| 19°C | 1,016 | 904 |
| 20°C | 1,047 | 933 |
| 21°C | 1,078 | 963 |
| 22°C | 1,111 | 993 |
| 23°C | 1,143 | 1,024 |
| 24°C | 1,177 | 1,055 |
| 25°C | 1,211 | 1,088 |
| 26°C | 1,246 | 1,120 |
| 27°C | 1,281 | 1,154 |
| 28°C | 1,317 | 1,188 |
| 29°C | 1,354 | 1,223 |
| 30°C | 1,392 | 1,259 |
| 31°C | 1,430 | 1,295 |
| 32°C | 1,469 | 1,332 |
| 33°C | 1,509 | 1,370 |
| 34°C | 1,549 | 1,409 |
| 35°C | 1,590 | 1,448 |
| 36°C | 1,632 | 1,489 |
| 37°C | 1,675 | 1,530 |
| 38°C | 1,718 | 1,571 |
| 39°C | 1,763 | 1,614 |
| 40°C | 1,807 | 1,657 |
| 41°C | 1,853 | 1,702 |
| 42°C | 1,900 | 1,747 |
| 43°C | 1,947 | 1,793 |
| 44°C | 1,995 | 1,840 |
| 45°C | 2,045 | 1,888 |
| 46°C | 2,094 | 1,936 |
| 47°C | 2,145 | 1,986 |
| 48°C | 2,197 | 2,037 |
| 49°C | 2,249 | 2,088 |
| 50°C | 2,302 | 2,141 |
| 51°C | 2,357 | 2,195 |
| 52°C | 2,412 | 2,249 |
| 53°C | 2,468 | 2,305 |
| 54°C | 2,525 | 2,362 |
| 55°C | 2,583 | 2,419 |
| 56°C | 2,641 | 2,478 |
| 57°C | 2,701 | 2,538 |
| 58°C | 2,762 | 2,600 |
| 59°C | 2,824 | 2,662 |
| 60°C | 2,886 | 2,726 |
| 61°C | 2,950 | 2,791 |
| 62°C | 3,015 | 2,857 |
| 63°C | 3,080 | 2,925 |
| 64°C | 3,147 | 2,994 |
| 65°C | 3,215 | 3,064 |
| 66°C | 3,283 | 3,136 |
Full saturation values at 1° increments. Toggle between °F / PSIG and °C / kPa. Use Print / Save as PDF for laminated shop reference, or download the CSV / JSON below for use in other tools. R-452A PT chart data: CoolProp 7.2.0 (published Helmholtz equations of state / mixture models — see the source citations above).
Lower toxicity (Occupational Exposure Limit ≥ 400 ppm). No flame propagation in air at standard atmospheric pressure and 60°C. R-134a, R-22, R-410A, R-404A, R-744 (CO2) are A1.
- Flammability
- None (no flame propagation)
- Toxicity
- Lower (OEL ≥ 400 ppm)
Classification per ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2022. See full reference.
Saturation pressure-temperature curve
Saturation values from CoolProp 7.2.0 mixture model: R-32/R-125/R-1234yf, 11/59/30% by mass[3]. Operating pressure on a running system differs — see the operating-pressure references for in-use values.
At a glance
Chemistry
Lubricant compatibility
POE required. Targeted at transport refrigeration where R-404A pressure/capacity match matters. Lower GWP than R-404A but still significant.
Blend composition
- R-32 11.0%
- R-125 59.0%
- R-1234yf 30.0%
Trade names
- Opteon XP44 — Chemours
Common applications
- Transport refrigeration (truck, trailer, marine)
- Commercial refrigeration
- R-404A retrofit
Properties
- Boiling point (1 atm)bubble −52.5°F (−47.0°C), dew −45.7°F (−43.2°C)
- Critical pointNo single point — blend critical locus
- Molar mass103.51 g/mol
- Temperature glide7.0°F
- ODP0
- GWP (100-yr)2,140 US EPA value, 40 CFR 84.64(b) IPCC: AR4 not assessed · AR5 1,945 · AR6 2,292
- New-equipment status (US)Restricted in 41 new-equipment categories — US new-equipment rules (40 CFR 84.54).
What is R-452A?
R-452A is a ternary zeotropic blend developed by Chemours specifically for transport refrigeration applications — truck, trailer, intermodal container, and marine refrigeration where the demanding duty cycle (high ambient, road vibration, frequent door openings, low-temperature setpoints) makes R-404A's capacity and pressure characteristics hard to replace without performance penalty.
The composition combines R-32 (capacity), R-125 (non-flammability and pressure rating), and R-1234yf (lower GWP). The blend is non-flammable A1, which simplifies vehicle and trailer system design where the A2L safety class would add cost and complexity to the closed transport environment.
Where R-452A is used
- Refrigerated transport — truck and trailer reefer units
- Marine refrigeration (intermodal containers, fishing fleet)
- Self-contained commercial refrigeration where R-404A capacity match is needed
- R-404A retrofit (specifically in transport applications)
Regulatory & phase-down status
R-452A's GWP of 2,140 is meaningfully lower than R-404A (3,922) but still above 150 (the limit in EU 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13) and above the 700-GWP limit 40 CFR 84.54 sets for new residential and light-commercial AC and heat pumps and other stationary categories. Its position in the lineup is application-specific: where the duty cycle and equipment design favor an A1 non-flammable refrigerant and the lower-GWP alternatives (R-454C, R-455A at GWP 146) introduce A2L safety complications, R-452A is the medium-term compromise.
Long-term, transport refrigeration is transitioning toward R-454C, R-455A, R-744 (CO₂ transcritical), and R-290 (hydrocarbon, charge-limited self-contained units) depending on the specific application and regulatory regime.
Service notes
Polyolester (POE) oil is required. Significant temperature glide (~7°F at typical evaporator conditions); EXV is preferred for new equipment, and TXV systems require retuning per the equipment OEM guidance.
Transport refrigeration service has additional considerations beyond stationary refrigeration: vibration-rated service equipment, EPA Section 608 plus DOT compliance for transport refrigerant cylinders, and equipment-OEM-specific charging procedures (Carrier Transicold, Thermo King, etc. each have their own R-452A guidance).
Temperature glide
R-452A is a zeotropic blend: at constant pressure it boils across a temperature range rather than at a single point. Use the dew curve for superheat, bubble curve for subcooling.
Operating cycle
Phase-down timeline
R-452A contains HFC-32 and HFC-125, regulated substances under the AIM Act. Its GWP under 40 CFR 84.64 is 2,140, at or above the limit in 41 of the categories 40 CFR 84.54 restricts (listed under “All 84.54 categories restricting R-452A”).
- From July 27, 2026 — new refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher: manufacture / import restricted (GWP ≥ 700).
- From July 27, 2026 — new refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher: installation restricted (GWP ≥ 700).
- From July 27, 2029 — new refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher: sale and distribution restricted (GWP ≥ 700).
HFC production & consumption allowances step down to 30% of baseline in 2029–2033, 20% of baseline in 2034–2035, and 15% of baseline in 2036 and later (42 U.S.C. 7675(e)(2)(C)).
US new-equipment rules (40 CFR 84.54)
R-452A contains HFC-32 and HFC-125, regulated substances under the AIM Act. Under 40 CFR 84.64(b) its GWP is 2,140: each component's GWP times its mass fraction; components without a GWP under 84.64 are left out (84.64(c)). That value is compared against each 40 CFR 84.54 subsector limit below.
| Effective | Equipment subsector | Limit | Restriction | ¶ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 27, 2026 | Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher | GWP ≥ 700 | Manufacture / import | (a)(6) |
| July 27, 2026 | Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher | GWP ≥ 700 | Installation | (c)(7) |
| July 27, 2029 | Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher | GWP ≥ 700 | Sale / distribution | (b) |
All 84.54 categories restricting R-452A (41)
| Refrigeration, air conditioning & heat pumps (34) | |||
| January 1, 2025 | Self-contained residential & light-commercial AC and heat pump products | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(1) |
| January 1, 2025 | Chillers for comfort cooling | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(10)(i) |
| January 1, 2025 | Chillers for ice rinks | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(10)(ii) |
| January 1, 2025 | Residential dehumidifiers | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(2) |
| January 1, 2025 | Household refrigerators and freezers | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(3) |
| January 1, 2025 | Retail food refrigeration — stand-alone units | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(4) |
| January 1, 2025 | Vending machines | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(5) |
| January 1, 2025 | Residential & light-commercial AC and heat pump systems (except VRF) | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(1) |
| January 1, 2025 | Chillers for comfort cooling | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(3) |
| January 1, 2025 | Ice rinks | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(4) |
| January 1, 2026 | Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller warmer than −22°F (−30°C) | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(10)(iii) |
| January 1, 2026 | Industrial process refrigeration products (non-chiller), charge 200 lb or greater, refrigerant entering the evaporator warmer than −22°F (−30°C) | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(12)(i) |
| January 1, 2026 | Industrial process refrigeration products (non-chiller), charge less than 200 lb, refrigerant entering the evaporator warmer than −22°F (−30°C) | GWP ≥ 300 | (a)(12)(ii) |
| January 1, 2026 | Ice makers — batch type up to 1,000 lb of ice per 24 h and continuous type up to 1,200 lb per 24 h | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(8)(i) |
| January 1, 2026 | Industrial process refrigeration systems (non-chiller), charge 200 lb or greater, evaporator inlet warmer than −22°F (−30°C), not the high-temperature side of a cascade | GWP ≥ 150 | (c)(10)(i) |
| January 1, 2026 | Industrial process refrigeration systems (non-chiller), charge less than 200 lb, evaporator inlet warmer than −22°F (−30°C) | GWP ≥ 300 | (c)(10)(ii) |
| January 1, 2026 | Industrial process refrigeration — high-temperature side of cascade systems, evaporator inlet warmer than −22°F (−30°C) | GWP ≥ 300 | (c)(10)(iii) |
| January 1, 2026 | Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) residential & light-commercial AC and heat pump systems | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(2) |
| January 1, 2026 | Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller warmer than −22°F (−30°C) | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(5)(i) |
| July 27, 2026 | Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(6) |
| July 27, 2026 | Retail food refrigeration — remote condensing units | GWP ≥ 1,400 | (c)(11)(i) |
| July 27, 2026 | Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(7) |
| July 27, 2026 | Cold storage warehouse systems | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(9)(i) |
| January 1, 2027 | Self-contained products in data center, information technology equipment facility, and computer room cooling | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(11) |
| January 1, 2027 | Refrigerated food processing and dispensing products outside the scope of UL 621, charge 500 g or less | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(9)(i) |
| January 1, 2027 | Supermarket systems | GWP ≥ 1,400 | (c)(12)(i) |
| January 1, 2027 | Data center, information technology equipment facility, and computer room cooling systems | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(13) |
| January 1, 2028 | Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C) | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(10)(iv) |
| January 1, 2028 | Industrial process refrigeration products (non-chiller), refrigerant entering the evaporator from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C) | GWP ≥ 700 | (a)(12)(iii) |
| January 1, 2028 | Industrial process refrigeration systems (non-chiller), evaporator inlet from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C) | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(10)(iv) |
| January 1, 2028 | Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C) | GWP ≥ 700 | (c)(6)(i) |
| January 1, 2032 | Retail food refrigeration — remote condensing units | GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side) | (c)(11)(ii) |
| January 1, 2032 | Supermarket systems | GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side) | (c)(12)(ii) |
| January 1, 2032 | Cold storage warehouse systems | GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side) | (c)(9)(ii) |
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (3) | |||
| October 24, 2024 | Motor vehicle air-conditioning in Model Year 2025 and later light-duty passenger cars and trucks (gross vehicle weight rating under 8,500 lb) | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(13)(i) |
| Model Year 2028 | Motor vehicle air-conditioning in medium-duty passenger vehicles, heavy-duty pickup trucks and complete heavy-duty vans whose air-conditioning will not be modified by upfitters | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(13)(ii) |
| January 1, 2028 | Motor vehicle air-conditioning in certain nonroad vehicles (agricultural tractors over 40 horsepower; self-propelled agricultural machinery; compact equipment; construction, forestry and mining equipment; and commercial utility vehicles) | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(13)(iii) |
| Foam blowing agents (2) | |||
| January 1, 2025 | Foam products: rigid polyurethane appliance foam, commercial refrigeration foam, laminated boardstock, marine flotation foam, sandwich panels, slabstock; flexible polyurethane; integral skin polyurethane; polystyrene (extruded boardstock, billet, extruded sheet); phenolic insulation board and bunstock; polyisocyanurate laminated boardstock; polyolefin; rigid polyurethane spray foam | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(14) |
| January 1, 2026 | Foam products in the (a)(14) formulations for use in space and military applications | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(15) |
| Aerosol propellants / solvents (2) | |||
| January 1, 2025 | Aerosol products | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(16)(i) |
| January 1, 2028 | Aerosol products (all, except defense sprays as defined in 84.3) | GWP ≥ 150 | (a)(16)(ii) |
Servicing. 40 CFR 84.54 restricts new manufacture/import, later sale/distribution, and installation. "Installation" is defined in 84.54(e); repairing or servicing existing R-452A equipment is not an installation unless it meets 84.54(e), so existing systems can keep being serviced. From January 1, 2029, servicing or repairing R-452A equipment in supermarket systems, refrigerated transport or automatic commercial ice makers must be done with reclaimed refrigerant[2].
Source: 40 CFR 84.54, current through 91 FR 31329 (May 26, 2026). Installation defined at 40 CFR 84.54(e).
Global warming potential, in context
Commercial refrigeration — medium temperature
Retrofit and replacement paths
R-452A replaces
Replacements for R-452A
R-452A vs R-404A, R-454C, R-455A: saturation pressure
| Temp | R-452A | R-404A | R-454C | R-455A |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0°F | 28.9 / 35.8 | 33.7(−6%) | 19.9 / 31.8(−11%) | 22.3 / 44.1(+23%) |
| 40°F | 79.5 / 91.7 | 86.9(−5%) | 61.5 / 82.4(−10%) | 66.9 / 103.3(+13%) |
| 70°F | 140.1 / 156.9 | 149.3(−5%) | 112.2 / 141.2(−10%) | 121.1 / 170.1(+8%) |
| 100°F | 226.5 / 247.8 | 236.8(−4%) | 185.1 / 222.5(−10%) | 199.6 / 260.7(+5%) |
Frequently asked
›Why R-452A in transport refrigeration instead of R-448A or R-449A?
Capacity and pressure match to R-404A. Transport refrigeration equipment is designed around R-404A's pressure envelope and capacity per unit displacement. R-452A's composition was specifically tuned to match R-404A capacity for transport's demanding duty cycle; the tradeoff is higher GWP (2,140 vs ~1,390 for R-448A/R-449A).
›What is the normal operating pressure of R-452A?
Operating pressure depends on evaporator load and ambient. The saturation pressures are in the PT table and the comparison table on this page.
›What lubricant does R-452A use?
Polyolester (POE) oil. Mineral oil and alkylbenzene are not miscible. POE is hygroscopic; deep vacuum and verified hold before charging are required.
›Does R-452A have temperature glide?
Yes — about 7°F at typical evaporator conditions. Use the dew curve for superheat measurement, bubble for subcooling. Charge by weight per the equipment manufacturer's specification, not by gauge.
›Can I retrofit an R-404A transport unit to R-452A?
Carrier Transicold and Thermo King both publish R-452A retrofit guidance for their reefer product lines.
›What's the long-term replacement for R-452A in transport?
For transport refrigeration the longer-term path varies by application. Truck and trailer reefer units are transitioning toward R-454C (A2L, GWP 146) and R-455A (A2L, GWP 146) where the safety class change is acceptable. Marine container refrigeration is moving toward R-744 (CO₂ transcritical) and R-454C. R-452A is the medium-term option where the A1 safety class outweighs the GWP premium.
›Is R-452A AIM Act compliant?
For transport refrigeration the AIM Act technology transition rules have different effective dates and GWP thresholds than for stationary AC. R-452A's GWP of 2,140 falls above the most restrictive 2025 thresholds for some equipment categories but remains permissible for transport-specific applications under the current rules. Verify the specific equipment category and effective date in the latest AIM Act SNAP rule.
Sources & citations
- [1]2017 Guideline for Assignment of Refrigerant Container Colors (AHRI Guideline N-2017). AHRI. 2017. https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/AHRI_Guideline_N_2017.pdf (accessed October 2, 2026)
- [2]40 CFR 84.112 — Reclamation. eCFR (Office of the Federal Register). up to date as of 9/25/2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-84/subpart-C/section-84.112 (accessed October 2, 2026). 89 FR 82859, Oct. 11, 2024
- [3]CoolProp 7.2.0. CoolProp (I. H. Bell, J. Wronski, S. Quoilin, V. Lemort). https://coolprop.org/ (accessed October 2, 2026). Bell, I. H.; Wronski, J.; Quoilin, S.; Lemort, V. Pure and Pseudo-pure Fluid Thermophysical Property Evaluation and the Open-Source Thermophysical Property Library CoolProp. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53, 2498–2508 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie4033999