RefrigerantASHRAE R-448A

R448A PT Chart

Q: What's the difference between R-448A and R-449A?

Both are A1 HFC/HFO blends used to replace R-404A; their GWPs are 1,386 and 1,396. R-448A (Solstice® N40) has five components: R-32/R-125/R-1234yf/R-134a/R-1234ze(E) at 26/26/20/21/7% by mass. R-449A (Opteon™ XP40) has four: R-32/R-125/R-1234yf/R-134a at 24.3/24.7/25.3/25.7%.

Q: How do I measure superheat on R-448A?

Use the dew temperature at suction pressure. [xp40retrofit, “When setting superheat, the dew point (saturated vapor)…”] Its glide is 10.2°F at a 40°F dew point[solsticen40tds, computed from the pressure-temperature table], so using the bubble temperature would overstate superheat by roughly that much. The dew curve corresponds to the suction-line state where refrigerant has fully evaporated.

Updated October 12, 2026

R-448A

A1 Lower toxicity, no flame propagationHFC/HFO blend Contains AIM Act HFCs

Illustration of a refrigerant cylinder painted light green gray (RAL 7044), the color AHRI Guideline N-2017 calls for on all new refrigerant containers from 2020^{[5], section 4.8}. Label: R-448A, safety class A1, GWP 1,386. No red band: AHRI Guideline N-2017 reserves it for flammable refrigerants^{[5], section 4.7}.

R-32/R-125/R-1234yf/R-134a/R-1234ze(E) (26/26/20/21/7)

Five-component HFC/HFO blend sold as Solstice® N40^[4]: safety class A1^[1], GWP 1,386^[8] — 65% lower than R-404A's 3,922^[8] — and a 10.2°F glide at a 40°F dew point^{[9], computed from the pressure-temperature table}. Used in new supermarket systems and R-404A retrofits, especially low- and medium-temperature refrigeration^[4].

Transcribed row for row from the Solstice® N40 technical data sheet (Publication 3820, September 2019)^{[9], pressure-temperature table}; all 56 rows were checked against the document. Not yet compared with an independent source.

Saturation @ 70°F

153.5 / 130.6 PSIG

GWP (100-yr)

1,386 US EPA value, 40 CFR 84.64(b)

Temperature glide

10.2°F

Boiling point

bubble −51.0°F / dew −39.9°F

Sourced facts

ASHRAE safety class: A1^[1]
Composition (mass): 26% R-32 / 26% R-125 / 20% R-1234yf / 21% R-134a / 7% R-1234ze(E)^[7]
GWP (100-yr): 1,386^[8]
ODP: 0^[16]
Lubricant: POE^{[14], R-448A row}
Trade name: Solstice® N40^[4]
Application: New supermarket systems and R-404A retrofits^[4]

R-448A PT calculator Superheat

Lower toxicity, no flame propagation

Lower toxicity (Occupational Exposure Limit ≥ 400 ppm). No flame propagation in air at standard atmospheric pressure and 60°C. R-134a, R-22, R-410A, R-404A, R-744 (CO2) are A1.

Flammability: None (no flame propagation)
Toxicity: Lower (OEL ≥ 400 ppm)

Classification per ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2022^{[1], safety group definitions and refrigerant safety classifications}. See full reference.

Saturation pressure-temperature — datasheet table

Honeywell Solstice® N40 (R-448A) Technical Data Sheet, Publication 3820 (September 2019)^{[9], pressure-temperature table}

Pressure (psig)	Bubble °F (saturated liquid)	Dew °F (saturated vapor)	Glide °F
0.0	−51.0	−39.9	11.1
1.0	−48.6	−37.5	11.1
2.0	−46.2	−35.2	11.0
3.0	−44.0	−32.9	11.1
4.0	−41.9	−30.8	11.1
5.0	−39.8	−28.8	11.0
6.0	−37.8	−26.9	10.9
7.0	−35.9	−25.0	10.9
8.0	−34.1	−23.2	10.9
9.0	−32.4	−21.4	11.0
10.0	−30.6	−19.7	10.9
11.0	−29.0	−18.1	10.9
12.0	−27.4	−16.5	10.9
13.0	−25.8	−15.0	10.8
14.0	−24.3	−13.5	10.8
16.0	−21.4	−10.6	10.8
18.0	−18.6	−7.8	10.8
20.0	−16.0	−5.2	10.8
22.0	−13.5	−2.7	10.8
24.0	−11.0	−0.3	10.7
26.0	−8.7	2.0	10.7
28.0	−6.5	4.2	10.7
29.0	−5.4	5.3	10.7
31.0	−3.3	7.4	10.7
34.0	−0.2	10.4	10.6
37.0	2.7	13.3	10.6
40.0	5.5	16.0	10.5
43.0	8.2	18.7	10.5
46.0	10.8	21.2	10.4
49.0	13.2	23.7	10.5
52.0	15.6	26.0	10.4
55.0	17.9	28.3	10.4
59.0	20.9	31.2	10.3
63.0	23.8	34.0	10.2
67.0	26.5	36.7	10.2
83.0	36.5	46.6	10.1
101.0	46.5	56.3	9.8
121.0	56.2	65.9	9.7
142.0	65.4	74.9	9.5
154.0	70.2	79.6	9.4
167.0	75.1	84.4	9.3
181.0	80.2	89.3	9.1
196.0	85.3	94.3	9.0
212.0	90.5	99.3	8.8
229.0	95.7	104.3	8.6
246.0	100.7	109.1	8.4
264.0	105.6	113.9	8.3
284.0	110.9	119.0	8.1
304.0	115.9	123.8	7.9
325.0	121.0	128.6	7.6
348.0	126.2	133.6	7.4
349.0	126.4	133.8	7.4
372.0	131.4	138.5	7.1
397.0	136.6	143.4	6.8
423.0	141.8	148.3	6.5
450.0	146.9	153.0	6.1

R-448A — 56 rows, 0 to 450 psig. Bubble = saturated liquid (use for subcooling); dew = saturated vapor (use for superheat on zeotropic blends).^{[12], When setting superheat, the dew point (saturated vapor)…}

At a glance

Chemistry

R-32/R-125/R-1234yf/R-134a/R-1234ze(E) (26/26/20/21/7)

Five-component HFC/HFO blend

Lubricant compatibility

POEMOAB

A lower-GWP replacement for R-404A, R-507 and R-22 in commercial refrigeration^[4]. Glide: 10.2°F at a 40°F dew point^{[9], computed from the pressure-temperature table}.

Blend composition

R-32 26.0%
R-125 26.0%
R-1234yf 20.0%
R-134a 21.0%
R-1234ze(E) 7.0%

Trade names

Solstice® N40 — Solstice Advanced Materials (formerly Honeywell)^[4]

Common applications

Commercial refrigeration: supermarkets, cold storage and self-contained units^[9]
Medium and low-temperature refrigeration^{[4], “especially low- and medium-temp refrigeration”}
R-404A retrofits^[4]

Properties

Boiling point (1 atm)
−50.6°F (−45.9°C)
Critical point
180.9°F at 654 PSIG
Molar mass
86.30 g/mol
Temperature glide
11.5°F
ODP
0
GWP (100-yr)
1,386 US EPA value, 40 CFR 84.64(b) IPCC: AR4 not assessed · AR5 1,273 · AR6 1,494
New-equipment status (US)
Restricted in 39 new-equipment categories — US new-equipment rules (40 CFR 84.54).

What is R-448A?

R-448A is a blend of five refrigerants: R-32 (26%), R-125 (26%), R-1234yf (20%), R-134a (21%) and R-1234ze(E) (7%) by mass^[7].

Its GWP is 1,386, about 65% lower than R-404A's 3,922^[8]. It is sold as Solstice® N40 by Solstice Advanced Materials, formerly part of Honeywell^[4].

Where R-448A is used

R-404A retrofits in low- and medium-temperature commercial refrigeration^[4]
Replacing R-22 in low- and medium-temperature commercial refrigeration^[9]
New supermarket systems^[4]

Regulatory & phase-down status

R-448A contains HFC-32, HFC-125 and HFC-134a, regulated substances under the AIM Act^{[10], 42 U.S.C. 7675(c)(1)}; its GWP under 40 CFR 84.64 is 1,386^[11]. Under the Technology Transitions rule (40 CFR 84.54), new cold storage warehouses are restricted from July 27, 2026 under 84.54(c)(9)(i) (GWP ≥700; 1,386 exceeds 700)^[2]. Because 1,386 is below 1,400, the 2026/2027 remote-condensing 84.54(c)(11)(i) and supermarket 84.54(c)(12)(i) 1,400-GWP limits do not catch it.^{[2], §84.54(c)(11)(i), (c)(12)(i)}

R-448A therefore remains installable in new remote condensing units and new supermarket systems until January 1, 2032, when the tiered limits apply: GWP 150 or more for systems with 200 lb or more of refrigerant, and GWP 300 or more for smaller systems and for the high-temperature side of cascade systems^{[2], §84.54(c)(11)(ii), (c)(12)(ii)}. Servicing existing R-448A equipment is not an installation under 84.54(e), so it remains allowed^{[2], §84.54(e)}; from January 1, 2029, service in supermarket systems, refrigerated transport and automatic commercial ice makers must use reclaimed refrigerant^{[6], §84.112(e)}. AIM Act production and consumption allowances step down to 30% of baseline in 2029–2033, 20% in 2034–2035 and 15% in 2036 and later^{[10], 42 U.S.C. 7675(e)(2)(C)}.

In the EU, under Regulation (EU) No 517/2014, since replaced by (EU) 2024/573, applying from March 11, 2024, R-448A (GWP 1,386) falls under row 11 (GWP ≥150 from 2022) and row 13 (multipack systems ≥40 kW with GWP ≥150 from 2022); it does not meet the ≥2,500 GWP rows^[3].^{[3], Annex III rows 11 and 13}

Service notes

The 10.2°F glide at a 40°F dew point^{[9], computed from the pressure-temperature table} affects service readings: use the dew temperature for superheat and the bubble temperature for subcooling^{[12], “When setting superheat, the dew point (saturated vapor)…”}. Single-curve approximation introduces measurement error equal to the glide. A1 classification means no A2L procedures required.

Phase-down timeline

R-448A contains HFC-32, HFC-125 and HFC-134a, regulated substances under the AIM Act^{[10], 42 U.S.C. 7675(c)(1)}. Its GWP under 40 CFR 84.64 is 1,386, at or above the limit in 39 of the categories 40 CFR 84.54 restricts (listed under “All 84.54 categories restricting R-448A”).

From January 1, 2025 — new retail food refrigeration — stand-alone units: manufacture / import restricted (GWP ≥ 150)^{[2], §84.54(a)(4)}.
From January 1, 2026 — new ice makers — batch type up to 1,000 lb of ice per 24 h and continuous type up to 1,200 lb per 24 h: manufacture / import restricted (GWP ≥ 150)^{[2], §84.54(a)(8)(i)}.
From July 27, 2026 — new refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher: manufacture / import restricted (GWP ≥ 700)^{[2], §84.54(a)(6)}.
From July 27, 2026 — new refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher: installation restricted (GWP ≥ 700)^{[2], §84.54(c)(7)}.
From July 27, 2026 — new cold storage warehouse systems: installation restricted (GWP ≥ 700)^{[2], §84.54(c)(9)(i)}.
From January 1, 2028 — new retail food refrigeration — stand-alone units: sale and distribution restricted (GWP ≥ 150)^{[2], §84.54(b)}.
From January 1, 2032 — new retail food refrigeration — remote condensing units: installation restricted at GWP ≥ 150 for systems with 200 lb or more of refrigerant (except the high-temperature side of a cascade system), and at GWP ≥ 300 for systems under 200 lb and for the high-temperature side of a cascade system^{[2], §84.54(c)(11)(ii)}.
From January 1, 2032 — new supermarket systems: installation restricted at GWP ≥ 150 for systems with 200 lb or more of refrigerant (except the high-temperature side of a cascade system), and at GWP ≥ 300 for systems under 200 lb and for the high-temperature side of a cascade system^{[2], §84.54(c)(12)(ii)}.
From January 1, 2032 — new cold storage warehouse systems: installation restricted at GWP ≥ 150 for systems with 200 lb or more of refrigerant (except the high-temperature side of a cascade system), and at GWP ≥ 300 for systems under 200 lb and for the high-temperature side of a cascade system^{[2], §84.54(c)(9)(ii)}.

R-448A (GWP 1,386) is under the 1,400 limit that has applied to new retail food refrigeration — remote condensing units since July 27, 2026, so it can be installed in them until the stricter limits start on January 1, 2032^{[2], §84.54(c)(11)}.

R-448A (GWP 1,386) is under the 1,400 limit for new supermarket systems that starts on January 1, 2027, so it can be installed in them until the stricter limits start on January 1, 2032^{[2], §84.54(c)(12)}.

HFC production & consumption allowances step down to 30% of baseline in 2029–2033, 20% of baseline in 2034–2035, and 15% of baseline in 2036 and later (42 U.S.C. 7675(e)(2)(C))^[10].

Full 40 CFR 84.54 new-equipment rules for R-448A →

US new-equipment rules (40 CFR 84.54)

R-448A contains HFC-32, HFC-125 and HFC-134a, regulated substances under the AIM Act^{[10], 42 U.S.C. 7675(c)(1)}. Under 40 CFR 84.64(b) its GWP is 1,386: each component's GWP times its mass fraction; components without a GWP under 84.64 are left out (84.64(c)). That value is compared against each 40 CFR 84.54 subsector limit below.

Effective	Equipment subsector	Limit	Restriction	¶
January 1, 2025	Retail food refrigeration — stand-alone units	GWP ≥ 150	Manufacture / import	(a)(4)
January 1, 2026	Ice makers — batch type up to 1,000 lb of ice per 24 h and continuous type up to 1,200 lb per 24 h	GWP ≥ 150	Manufacture / import	(a)(8)(i)
July 27, 2026	Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher	GWP ≥ 700	Manufacture / import	(a)(6)
July 27, 2026	Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher	GWP ≥ 700	Installation	(c)(7)
July 27, 2026	Cold storage warehouse systems	GWP ≥ 700	Installation	(c)(9)(i)
January 1, 2028	Retail food refrigeration — stand-alone units	GWP ≥ 150	Sale / distribution	(b)
January 1, 2029	Ice makers — batch type up to 1,000 lb of ice per 24 h and continuous type up to 1,200 lb per 24 h	GWP ≥ 150	Sale / distribution	(b)
July 27, 2029	Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher	GWP ≥ 700	Sale / distribution	(b)
January 1, 2032	Retail food refrigeration — remote condensing units	GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side)	Installation	(c)(11)(ii)
January 1, 2032	Supermarket systems	GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side)	Installation	(c)(12)(ii)
January 1, 2032	Cold storage warehouse systems	GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side)	Installation	(c)(9)(ii)

Installable in new retail food refrigeration — remote condensing units until January 1, 2032.
Installable in new supermarket systems until January 1, 2032.

All 84.54 categories restricting R-448A (39)^[2]

Refrigeration, air conditioning & heat pumps (32)
January 1, 2025	Self-contained residential & light-commercial AC and heat pump products	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(1)
January 1, 2025	Chillers for comfort cooling	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(10)(i)
January 1, 2025	Chillers for ice rinks	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(10)(ii)
January 1, 2025	Residential dehumidifiers	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(2)
January 1, 2025	Household refrigerators and freezers	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(3)
January 1, 2025	Retail food refrigeration — stand-alone units	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(4)
January 1, 2025	Vending machines	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(5)
January 1, 2025	Residential & light-commercial AC and heat pump systems (except VRF)	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(1)
January 1, 2025	Chillers for comfort cooling	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(3)
January 1, 2025	Ice rinks	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(4)
January 1, 2026	Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller warmer than −22°F (−30°C)	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(10)(iii)
January 1, 2026	Industrial process refrigeration products (non-chiller), charge 200 lb or greater, refrigerant entering the evaporator warmer than −22°F (−30°C)	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(12)(i)
January 1, 2026	Industrial process refrigeration products (non-chiller), charge less than 200 lb, refrigerant entering the evaporator warmer than −22°F (−30°C)	GWP ≥ 300	(a)(12)(ii)
January 1, 2026	Ice makers — batch type up to 1,000 lb of ice per 24 h and continuous type up to 1,200 lb per 24 h	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(8)(i)
January 1, 2026	Industrial process refrigeration systems (non-chiller), charge 200 lb or greater, evaporator inlet warmer than −22°F (−30°C), not the high-temperature side of a cascade	GWP ≥ 150	(c)(10)(i)
January 1, 2026	Industrial process refrigeration systems (non-chiller), charge less than 200 lb, evaporator inlet warmer than −22°F (−30°C)	GWP ≥ 300	(c)(10)(ii)
January 1, 2026	Industrial process refrigeration — high-temperature side of cascade systems, evaporator inlet warmer than −22°F (−30°C)	GWP ≥ 300	(c)(10)(iii)
January 1, 2026	Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) residential & light-commercial AC and heat pump systems	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(2)
January 1, 2026	Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller warmer than −22°F (−30°C)	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(5)(i)
July 27, 2026	Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(6)
July 27, 2026	Refrigerated transport — intermodal containers with a box temperature of −31°F (−35°C) or higher	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(7)
July 27, 2026	Cold storage warehouse systems	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(9)(i)
January 1, 2027	Self-contained products in data center, information technology equipment facility, and computer room cooling	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(11)
January 1, 2027	Refrigerated food processing and dispensing products outside the scope of UL 621, charge 500 g or less	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(9)(i)
January 1, 2027	Data center, information technology equipment facility, and computer room cooling systems	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(13)
January 1, 2028	Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C)	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(10)(iv)
January 1, 2028	Industrial process refrigeration products (non-chiller), refrigerant entering the evaporator from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C)	GWP ≥ 700	(a)(12)(iii)
January 1, 2028	Industrial process refrigeration systems (non-chiller), evaporator inlet from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C)	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(10)(iv)
January 1, 2028	Chillers for industrial process refrigeration, fluid exiting the chiller from −58°F to −22°F (−50°C to −30°C)	GWP ≥ 700	(c)(6)(i)
January 1, 2032	Retail food refrigeration — remote condensing units	GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side)	(c)(11)(ii)
January 1, 2032	Supermarket systems	GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side)	(c)(12)(ii)
January 1, 2032	Cold storage warehouse systems	GWP ≥ 150 (200 lb or greater, not the cascade high side); GWP ≥ 300 (less than 200 lb); GWP ≥ 300 (cascade high side)	(c)(9)(ii)
Motor vehicle air conditioning (3)
October 24, 2024	Motor vehicle air-conditioning in Model Year 2025 and later light-duty passenger cars and trucks (gross vehicle weight rating under 8,500 lb)	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(13)(i)
Model Year 2028	Motor vehicle air-conditioning in medium-duty passenger vehicles, heavy-duty pickup trucks and complete heavy-duty vans whose air-conditioning will not be modified by upfitters	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(13)(ii)
January 1, 2028	Motor vehicle air-conditioning in certain nonroad vehicles (agricultural tractors over 40 horsepower; self-propelled agricultural machinery; compact equipment; construction, forestry and mining equipment; and commercial utility vehicles)	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(13)(iii)
Foam blowing agents (2)
January 1, 2025	Foam products: rigid polyurethane appliance foam, commercial refrigeration foam, laminated boardstock, marine flotation foam, sandwich panels, slabstock; flexible polyurethane; integral skin polyurethane; polystyrene (extruded boardstock, billet, extruded sheet); phenolic insulation board and bunstock; polyisocyanurate laminated boardstock; polyolefin; rigid polyurethane spray foam	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(14)
January 1, 2026	Foam products in the (a)(14) formulations for use in space and military applications	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(15)
Aerosol propellants / solvents (2)
January 1, 2025	Aerosol products	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(16)(i)
January 1, 2028	Aerosol products (all, except defense sprays as defined in 84.3)	GWP ≥ 150	(a)(16)(ii)

Servicing. 40 CFR 84.54 restricts new manufacture/import, later sale/distribution, and installation. "Installation" is defined in 84.54(e); repairing or servicing existing R-448A equipment is not an installation unless it meets 84.54(e), so existing systems can keep being serviced. From January 1, 2029, servicing or repairing R-448A equipment in supermarket systems, refrigerated transport or automatic commercial ice makers must be done with reclaimed refrigerant^[6].

EU (retail-food / cold-storage)

Under Regulation (EU) No 517/2014, since replaced by (EU) 2024/573, applying from March 11, 2024 (compared against the AR4 headline GWP), R-448A's GWP is at or above the limit in:

Annex III row 11: Refrigerators and freezers for commercial use (hermetically sealed equipment) — GWP ≥ 150, from January 1, 2022.
Annex III row 13: Multipack centralised refrigeration systems for commercial use with a rated capacity of 40 kW or more — GWP ≥ 150, from January 1, 2022 (the primary refrigerant circuit of a cascade system may use GWP below 1,500).

Regulation (EU) No 517/2014.

Source: 40 CFR 84.54, current through 91 FR 31329 (May 26, 2026). Installation defined at 40 CFR 84.54(e).

Global warming potential, in context

Commercial refrigeration — medium temperature

Retrofit and replacement paths

R-448A replaces

Replacements for R-448A

Reading the R-448A PT chart — dew vs bubble matters

R-448A is a zeotropic blend: its glide is 10.2°F at a 40°F dew point^{[9], computed from the pressure-temperature table}. The table has two temperature columns: bubble (saturated liquid) and dew (saturated vapor). Service measurement requires selecting the correct curve based on which line of the system you're measuring.

For suction-line superheat measurement, use the dew curve.^{[12], “When setting superheat, the dew point (saturated vapor)…”} The dew temperature at the measured suction pressure is the saturation reference; superheat = suction line temp − dew temperature. Using the bubble column (lower temperature) would overstate superheat by roughly the glide (about 10°F).

For liquid-line subcooling measurement, use the bubble curve.^{[12], “When setting superheat, the dew point (saturated vapor)…”} The bubble temperature at the measured liquid-line pressure is the saturation reference. Using the dew curve would overstate subcooling by the glide.

10°F glide is meaningful but manageable

Its glide is larger than R-454B's (2.3°F) and smaller than R-454C's (14.0°F) or R-455A's (22.1°F), all at a 40°F dew point^[15].

Frequently asked

›What is the normal operating pressure of R-448A?

Operating pressure depends on evaporator load and ambient. The saturation pressures are in the PT table on this page.

›What's the difference between R-448A and R-449A?

Both are A1 HFC/HFO blends used to replace R-404A^[4]^[12]; their GWPs are 1,386 and 1,396^[8]. R-448A (Solstice® N40) has five components: R-32/R-125/R-1234yf/R-134a/R-1234ze(E) at 26/26/20/21/7% by mass^[7]. R-449A (Opteon™ XP40) has four: R-32/R-125/R-1234yf/R-134a at 24.3/24.7/25.3/25.7%^[7].

›What does R-448A's GWP of 1,386 mean?

GWP compares how much energy 1 ton of a gas absorbs over a given period — usually 100 years — with 1 ton of CO₂^[13]. R-448A's 1,386 is the US EPA value^[8]. That is about 65% lower than R-404A's 3,922^[8].

The 1,386 GWP sits above the 150-GWP limit in rows 11 and 13 of Regulation (EU) No 517/2014, since replaced by (EU) 2024/573, applying from March 11, 2024, though it does not meet the ≥2,500 GWP rows^[3]. Lower-GWP options include R-454C and R-455A (146) and R-744 (1)^[8].

›How do I measure superheat on R-448A?

Use the dew temperature at suction pressure.^{[12], “When setting superheat, the dew point (saturated vapor)…”} Its glide is 10.2°F at a 40°F dew point^{[9], computed from the pressure-temperature table}, so using the bubble temperature would overstate superheat by roughly that much. The dew curve corresponds to the suction-line state where refrigerant has fully evaporated.

›What lubricant does R-448A use?

Polyolester (POE) oil — same lubricant family as R-404A, R-410A, and R-32.^{[14], R-448A row} Use the oil the equipment maker specifies.

›Is R-448A safe to handle?

ASHRAE safety group A1: lower toxicity and no flame propagation^[1]. No A2L-specific requirements apply.

Download this dataset

Full PT table for R-448A · from the Solstice® N40 data sheet (Publication 3820) · attribute the source

CSV JSON

Sources & citations

[1]
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2022, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants (free read-only version). ASHRAE. 2022. https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/standards-and-guidelines/read-only-versions-of-ashrae-standards (accessed October 2, 2026)
[2]
40 CFR 84.54 — Restrictions on the use of hydrofluorocarbons. eCFR (Office of the Federal Register). up to date as of 9/29/2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-84/subpart-B/section-84.54 (accessed October 2, 2026)
[3]
Regulation (EU) No 517/2014 on fluorinated greenhouse gases. EUR-Lex. OJ L 150, 20.5.2014 (replaced by (EU) 2024/573 from March 11, 2024). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014R0517 (accessed October 2, 2026)
[4]
Solstice® N40 (R-448A). Solstice Advanced Materials. product page. https://www.solstice.com/us/en/products/air-conditioning-refrigeration-and-heating/solstice-hfo-blends/solstice-n40-r-448a (accessed October 5, 2026)
[5]
2017 Guideline for Assignment of Refrigerant Container Colors (AHRI Guideline N-2017). AHRI. 2017. https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/AHRI_Guideline_N_2017.pdf (accessed October 2, 2026)
[6]
40 CFR 84.112 — Reclamation. eCFR (Office of the Federal Register). up to date as of 9/25/2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-84/subpart-C/section-84.112 (accessed October 2, 2026). 89 FR 82859, Oct. 11, 2024
[7]
ASHRAE Refrigerant Designations. ASHRAE. web page, updated May 25, 2021. https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/standards-and-guidelines/ashrae-refrigerant-designations (accessed October 2, 2026)
[8]
Technology Transitions GWP Reference Table. US EPA. updated April 2, 2026. https://www.epa.gov/hfcs/technology-transitions-gwp-reference-table (accessed October 2, 2026)
[9]
Solstice® N40 (R-448A) Technical Data Sheet. Honeywell. Publication 3820, September 2019. https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/europe/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/3820_Solstice-N40_web.pdf (accessed October 5, 2026)
[10]
42 U.S.C. 7675 — American Innovation and Manufacturing Act. US Code (via Cornell LII). current. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/7675 (accessed October 2, 2026)
[11]
40 CFR 84.64 — Global warming potentials. eCFR (Office of the Federal Register). current as of 9/28/2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-84/subpart-B/section-84.64 (accessed October 2, 2026)
[12]
Opteon™ XP40 Retrofit Guidelines to Replace R-404A/R-507. Chemours. C-10023 (1/16). https://www.opteon.com/en/-/media/files/opteon/opteon-xp40-retrofit-guidelines-r-404a-r-507.pdf (accessed October 5, 2026)
[13]
Understanding Global Warming Potentials. US EPA. last updated December 29, 2025. https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/understanding-global-warming-potentials (accessed October 2, 2026)
[14]
Refrigerants and lubricants approved for use in Copeland compressors. Copeland. Form 93-11 R41 (5/24). https://webapps.copeland.com/online-product-information/Publication/LaunchPDF?Index=AEB&PDF=93-11 (accessed October 2, 2026)
[15]
CoolProp 7.2.0. CoolProp (I. H. Bell, J. Wronski, S. Quoilin, V. Lemort). https://coolprop.org/ (accessed October 2, 2026). Bell, I. H.; Wronski, J.; Quoilin, S.; Lemort, V. Pure and Pseudo-pure Fluid Thermophysical Property Evaluation and the Open-Source Thermophysical Property Library CoolProp. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53, 2498–2508 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie4033999
[16]
Substitutes in Typical Supermarket Systems. US EPA (SNAP). last updated March 20, 2026. https://www.epa.gov/snap/substitutes-typical-supermarket-systems (accessed October 5, 2026)