RefrigerantASHRAE R-516A

R516A PT Chart

Q: What is the difference between R-516A and R-454C?

Both are very-low-GWP A2L blends below 150, the limit in EU F-Gas 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13. R-516A is ternary (77.5% R-1234yf / 8.5% R-134a / 14% R-152a) with near-azeotropic behavior; R-454C is binary (21.5% R-32 / 78.5% R-1234yf) with ~14°F glide. R-516A targets R-134a replacement; R-454C targets R-404A replacement. The choice depends on which legacy refrigerant the system is replacing.

Q: Why does R-516A include R-152a?

R-152a contributes useful capacity in the medium-temperature range and helps the blend hit the GWP 140 target without requiring 100% R-1234yf (which would have undesirable pressure characteristics for some applications). R-152a itself is A2 (flammable, higher burning velocity than A2L), but at 14% mass fraction in R-516A the overall blend rates as A2L. This is a common blend design technique — using component refrigerants that are individually in higher hazard categories but at concentrations that keep the blend in a lower category.

Q: How does R-516A compare to R-134a?

The substantive differences are GWP (R-516A 140 vs R-134a 1430 — a 90% reduction) and safety class (R-516A A2L lower flammability vs R-134a A1 non-flammable). R-516A is the structural very-low-GWP replacement where A2L safety procedures are acceptable.

Q: What lubricant does R-516A use?

Polyolester (POE) oil. Mineral oil and alkylbenzene are not miscible. POE is hygroscopic; deep vacuum matters.

Q: Does R-516A have temperature glide?

Negligible — less than 0.5°F at any operating point. R-516A is near-azeotropic; use the dew column for superheat and the bubble column for subcooling. Charging by gauge is more reliable than for high-glide blends like R-454C or R-407C.

Q: Is R-516A below the AIM Act and EU F-Gas GWP thresholds?

Yes to both. GWP 140 is below every 40 CFR 84.54 limit under the AIM Act (the lowest is 150) and below the 150 limit in EU F-Gas 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13. R-516A is one of the very-low-GWP A2L refrigerants meeting the EU's long-term replacement objectives.

Updated October 19, 2026

R-516A

A2L Lower toxicity, lower flammabilityHFC/HFO blend AIM Act HFC

Illustration of a refrigerant cylinder painted light green gray (RAL 7044), the color AHRI Guideline N-2017 calls for on all new refrigerant containers from 2020^{[1], section 4.8}. Label: R-516A, safety class A2L, GWP 140. Red band on the shoulder: AHRI Guideline N-2017 calls for one on containers of flammable refrigerants^{[1], section 4.7}.

R-1234yf/R-134a/R-152a (77.5/8.5/14)

Ternary HFC/HFO blend (77.5% R-1234yf / 8.5% R-134a / 14% R-152a). ASHRAE A2L, GWP 140 — below 150, the limit in EU F-Gas 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13. Engineered as a very-low-GWP R-134a replacement for medium-temperature commercial refrigeration.

R-516A saturation pressure is 38.9 PSIG at 40°F, 75.2 PSIG at 70°F, and 127.4 PSIG at 100°F. These are the gauge readings on a static, fully-saturated system; a running system's high side sits well above them. The full table below runs from −40°F to 150°F in 1°F steps.

Not yet checked against an independent source.

Saturation @ 70°F

75.2 PSIG

GWP (100-yr)

140 US EPA value, 40 CFR 84.64(b)

Temperature glide

under 0.1°F

Boiling point

−20.9°F

Sourced facts

Temperature glide: under 0.1°F at a 40°F dew point^[3]

R-516A PT calculator Superheat

R-516A PT chart — printable saturation table

Looking for the R-516A PT chart PDF for shop reference? The complete pressure-temperature saturation table is below: every 1° increment from −40°F to 150°F (or to the refrigerant's critical temperature). Use the Print / Save as PDF button in the table header to download a clean, table-only PDF (the rest of the page is hidden from the print output).

R-516A PT Chart — Pressure-Temperature Saturation Table

Computed with CoolProp 7.2.0 in 1°F steps · hvacptcharts.com

R-516A · 1° increments · °F / PSIG

Tinted rows: NBP atmospheric crossover · 32°F H₂O freeze

R-516A pressure-temperature saturation table in Fahrenheit and PSIG
Temp (°F)	Pressure (PSIG)
−40°F	11.7 in. Hg vac.
−39°F	11.2 in. Hg vac.
−38°F	10.7 in. Hg vac.
−37°F	10.1 in. Hg vac.
−36°F	9.6 in. Hg vac.
−35°F	9.0 in. Hg vac.
−34°F	8.5 in. Hg vac.
−33°F	7.9 in. Hg vac.
−32°F	7.3 in. Hg vac.
−31°F	6.7 in. Hg vac.
−30°F	6.1 in. Hg vac.
−29°F	5.5 in. Hg vac.
−28°F	4.9 in. Hg vac.
−27°F	4.2 in. Hg vac.
−26°F	3.6 in. Hg vac.
−25°F	2.9 in. Hg vac.
−24°F	2.2 in. Hg vac.
−23°F	1.5 in. Hg vac.
−22°F	0.8 in. Hg vac.
−21°F NBP (atmospheric)	0.1 in. Hg vac.
−20°F	0.3
−19°F	0.7
−18°F	1.1
−17°F	1.5
−16°F	1.9
−15°F	2.3
−14°F	2.7
−13°F	3.1
−12°F	3.5
−11°F	3.9
−10°F	4.4
−9°F	4.8
−8°F	5.3
−7°F	5.7
−6°F	6.2
−5°F	6.7
−4°F	7.2
−3°F	7.7
−2°F	8.2
−1°F	8.7
0°F	9.2
1°F	9.8
2°F	10.3
3°F	10.9
4°F	11.4
5°F	12.0
6°F	12.6
7°F	13.2
8°F	13.8
9°F	14.4
10°F	15.0
11°F	15.6
12°F	16.3
13°F	16.9
14°F	17.6
15°F	18.3
16°F	19.0
17°F	19.6
18°F	20.4
19°F	21.1
20°F	21.8
21°F	22.5
22°F	23.3
23°F	24.1
24°F	24.8
25°F	25.6
26°F	26.4
27°F	27.2
28°F	28.0
29°F	28.9
30°F	29.7
31°F	30.6
32°F H₂O freeze	31.5
33°F	32.3
34°F	33.2
35°F	34.1
36°F	35.1
37°F	36.0
38°F	37.0
39°F	37.9
40°F	38.9
41°F	39.9
42°F	40.9
43°F	41.9
44°F	42.9
45°F	44.0
46°F	45.1
47°F	46.1
48°F	47.2
49°F	48.3
50°F	49.4
51°F	50.6
52°F	51.7
53°F	52.9
54°F	54.1
55°F	55.3
56°F	56.5
57°F	57.7
58°F	59.0
59°F	60.2
60°F	61.5
61°F	62.8
62°F	64.1
63°F	65.4
64°F	66.8
65°F	68.1
66°F	69.5
67°F	70.9
68°F	72.3
69°F	73.7
70°F	75.2
71°F	76.7
72°F	78.1
73°F	79.6
74°F	81.2
75°F	82.7
76°F	84.2
77°F	85.8
78°F	87.4
79°F	89.0
80°F	90.6
81°F	92.3
82°F	94.0
83°F	95.6
84°F	97.4
85°F	99.1
86°F	100.8
87°F	102.6
88°F	104.4
89°F	106.2
90°F	108.0
91°F	109.9
92°F	111.7
93°F	113.6
94°F	115.5
95°F	117.5
96°F	119.4
97°F	121.4
98°F	123.4
99°F	125.4
100°F	127.4
101°F	129.5
102°F	131.6
103°F	133.7
104°F	135.8
105°F	138.0
106°F	140.2
107°F	142.4
108°F	144.6
109°F	146.8
110°F	149.1
111°F	151.4
112°F	153.7
113°F	156.0
114°F	158.4
115°F	160.8
116°F	163.2
117°F	165.6
118°F	168.1
119°F	170.6
120°F	173.1
121°F	175.7
122°F	178.2
123°F	180.8
124°F	183.4
125°F	186.1
126°F	188.7
127°F	191.4
128°F	194.2
129°F	196.9
130°F	199.7
131°F	202.5
132°F	205.3
133°F	208.2
134°F	211.1
135°F	214.0
136°F	216.9
137°F	219.9
138°F	222.9
139°F	225.9
140°F	229.0
141°F	232.1
142°F	235.2
143°F	238.3
144°F	241.5
145°F	244.7
146°F	248.0
147°F	251.2
148°F	254.5
149°F	257.9
150°F	261.2

R-516A pressure-temperature saturation table in Celsius and kPa
Temp (°C)	Pressure (kPa)
−40°C	−40
−39°C	−36
−38°C	−33
−37°C	−30
−36°C	−26
−35°C	−23
−34°C	−19
−33°C	−15
−32°C	−11
−31°C	−7
−30°C	−3
−29°C NBP (atmospheric)	2
−28°C	6
−27°C	11
−26°C	16
−25°C	21
−24°C	27
−23°C	32
−22°C	38
−21°C	44
−20°C	50
−19°C	56
−18°C	62
−17°C	69
−16°C	76
−15°C	83
−14°C	90
−13°C	98
−12°C	105
−11°C	113
−10°C	121
−9°C	130
−8°C	138
−7°C	147
−6°C	156
−5°C	166
−4°C	175
−3°C	185
−2°C	196
−1°C	206
0°C H₂O freeze	217
1°C	228
2°C	239
3°C	251
4°C	263
5°C	275
6°C	288
7°C	300
8°C	314
9°C	327
10°C	341
11°C	355
12°C	370
13°C	384
14°C	400
15°C	415
16°C	431
17°C	447
18°C	464
19°C	481
20°C	499
21°C	516
22°C	535
23°C	553
24°C	572
25°C	592
26°C	612
27°C	632
28°C	652
29°C	674
30°C	695
31°C	717
32°C	740
33°C	763
34°C	786
35°C	810
36°C	834
37°C	859
38°C	884
39°C	910
40°C	937
41°C	963
42°C	991
43°C	1,019
44°C	1,047
45°C	1,076
46°C	1,105
47°C	1,135
48°C	1,166
49°C	1,197
50°C	1,229
51°C	1,261
52°C	1,294
53°C	1,327
54°C	1,361
55°C	1,396
56°C	1,431
57°C	1,467
58°C	1,504
59°C	1,541
60°C	1,579
61°C	1,617
62°C	1,656
63°C	1,696
64°C	1,737
65°C	1,778
66°C	1,820

CoolProp 7.2.0 · PSIG/kPa = gauge · PSIA = PSIG + 14.6959 · kPa(abs) = kPa(gauge) + 101.325

Full saturation values at 1° increments. Toggle between °F / PSIG and °C / kPa. Use Print / Save as PDF for laminated shop reference, or download the CSV / JSON below for use in other tools. R-516A PT chart data: CoolProp 7.2.0 (published Helmholtz equations of state / mixture models — see the source citations above).

A2L

Lower toxicity, lower flammability

Lower toxicity. Flame propagates in air at 60°C, but with a low burning velocity (≤ 10 cm/s) and a heat of combustion < 19,000 kJ/kg. ASHRAE safety group A2L: lower toxicity and lower flammability. R-32, R-454B, R-1234yf, R-1234ze(E), R-452B, R-454C, R-455A, R-516A are A2L.

Flammability: Low (burning velocity ≤ 10 cm/s)
Toxicity: Lower (OEL ≥ 400 ppm)

Classification per ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2022. See full reference.

Saturation pressure-temperature curve

Pressure

Temperature

Highlight at°F

Quick lookup — R-516A

Temp:°F

75.2PSIG(518 kPa)

Range: −40 to 150°F Open full PT calculator →

Common service temperatures

32°F

31PSIG

Freezing

45°F

44PSIG

Heat-pump heat

70°F

75PSIG

Standard

75°F

83PSIG

Test ref

80°F

91PSIG

Warm

95°F

117PSIG

Summer peak

Saturation values from CoolProp 7.2.0 mixture model: R-1234yf/R-134a/R-152a, 77.5/8.5/14% by mass^[3]. Operating pressure on a running system differs — see the operating-pressure references for in-use values.

At a glance

Chemistry

R-1234yf/R-134a/R-152a (77.5/8.5/14)

Ternary HFO/HFC blend

Lubricant compatibility

POEMO

POE required. A2L — lower flammability. Low GWP (under 150). R-134a retrofit option in markets prioritizing low GWP.

Blend composition

R-1234yf 77.5%
R-134a 8.5%
R-152a 14.0%

Common applications

Medium-temperature commercial refrigeration
R-134a retrofit
Mobile AC alternative (specialty)

Properties

Boiling point (1 atm)
bubble −20.9°F (−29.4°C), dew −20.8°F (−29.3°C)
Critical point
No single point — blend critical locus
Molar mass
102.58 g/mol
Temperature glide
under 0.1°F
ODP
0
GWP (100-yr)
140 US EPA value, 40 CFR 84.64(b) IPCC: AR4 not assessed · AR5 131 · AR6 153
New-equipment status (US)
AIM Act HFC, 84.64 GWP 140 — below every 40 CFR 84.54 limit; no new-equipment restriction.

What is R-516A?

R-516A is a ternary near-azeotropic blend of 77.5% R-1234yf, 8.5% R-134a, and 14% R-152a by mass. The R-1234yf-dominant composition produces a very low GWP of 140 — below 150, the limit in EU F-Gas 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13. The R-152a contribution is unusual among HFC/HFO blends and contributes to capacity in the medium-temperature range.

R-516A is a strong candidate for R-134a equipment retrofit where the A2L safety class change is acceptable.

Where R-516A is used

Medium-temperature commercial refrigeration (supermarket display cases, walk-in coolers)
R-134a retrofit (where A2L is acceptable)
Some heat pump applications
Some industrial chiller designs

Regulatory & phase-down status

R-516A's GWP of 140 is below 150, the limit in EU F-Gas 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13 — joining R-454C (146), R-455A (146), R-744 (1), and R-290 (3.3) as the very-low-GWP options that satisfy the EU's long-term replacement objectives. It is also below every applicable 40 CFR 84.54 limit (the lowest is 150).

For applications where R-134a's pressure envelope and equipment design specifics matter, R-516A is the closest very-low-GWP A2L match.

Service notes

Polyolester (POE) oil is required. Mineral oil and alkylbenzene are not miscible. POE is hygroscopic; deep vacuum and verified hold before charging matter.

R-516A is near-azeotropic — temperature glide approximately 0°F (less than 0.5°F at any operating point per CoolProp HEOS calculation). Use the dew column for superheat and the bubble column for subcooling.

A2L safety class requires: A2L-rated charge limits per UL 60335-2-40 and ASHRAE 15; refrigerant detection where the standard requires it; no open flames during service; and A2L-rated recovery cylinders. A2L handling training beyond standard EPA Section 608 is recommended, and required only where the adopted code or employer mandates it.

Operating cycle

Phase-down timeline

R-516A contains HFC-134a and HFC-152a, regulated substances under the AIM Act. Its GWP under 40 CFR 84.64 is 140 — below every 40 CFR 84.54 GWP limit, so no 84.54 new-equipment limit restricts it.

R-516A is not restricted in new motor vehicle air conditioning (its 84.64 GWP 140 is below that subsector's limit).

HFC production & consumption allowances step down to 30% of baseline in 2029–2033, 20% of baseline in 2034–2035, and 15% of baseline in 2036 and later (42 U.S.C. 7675(e)(2)(C)).

Full 40 CFR 84.54 new-equipment rules for R-516A →

US new-equipment rules (40 CFR 84.54)

R-516A contains HFC-134a and HFC-152a, regulated substances under the AIM Act. Under 40 CFR 84.64(b) its GWP is 140: each component's GWP times its mass fraction; components without a GWP under 84.64 are left out (84.64(c)). That value is compared against each 40 CFR 84.54 subsector limit below.

Its GWP (140) is under every 40 CFR 84.54 limit for motor vehicle air conditioning, so those restrictions don't apply there.

Not restricted in new motor vehicle air conditioning.

Servicing. 40 CFR 84.54 restricts new manufacture/import, later sale/distribution, and installation. "Installation" is defined in 84.54(e); repairing or servicing existing R-516A equipment is not an installation unless it meets 84.54(e), so existing systems can keep being serviced. From January 1, 2029, servicing or repairing R-516A equipment in supermarket systems, refrigerated transport or automatic commercial ice makers must be done with reclaimed refrigerant^[2].

Source: 40 CFR 84.54, current through 91 FR 31329 (May 26, 2026). Installation defined at 40 CFR 84.54(e).

Global warming potential, in context

Commercial refrigeration — medium temperature

Retrofit and replacement paths

R-516A replaces

R-134a A1 · GWP 1,430

R-516A vs R-134a: saturation pressure

Saturation pressure (PSIG, gauge) for R-516A vs R-134a. Each column shows the percent difference from R-516A. Source: CoolProp 7.2.0 dataset.
Temp	R-516A	R-134a
0°F	9.2	6.5
40°F	38.9	35.0(−10%)
70°F	75.2	71.1(−5%)
100°F	127.4	124.2(−3%)

Frequently asked

›What is the difference between R-516A and R-454C?

Both are very-low-GWP A2L blends below 150, the limit in EU F-Gas 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13. R-516A is ternary (77.5% R-1234yf / 8.5% R-134a / 14% R-152a) with near-azeotropic behavior; R-454C is binary (21.5% R-32 / 78.5% R-1234yf) with ~14°F glide. R-516A targets R-134a replacement; R-454C targets R-404A replacement. The choice depends on which legacy refrigerant the system is replacing.

›Why does R-516A include R-152a?

R-152a contributes useful capacity in the medium-temperature range and helps the blend hit the GWP 140 target without requiring 100% R-1234yf (which would have undesirable pressure characteristics for some applications). R-152a itself is A2 (flammable, higher burning velocity than A2L), but at 14% mass fraction in R-516A the overall blend rates as A2L. This is a common blend design technique — using component refrigerants that are individually in higher hazard categories but at concentrations that keep the blend in a lower category.

›How does R-516A compare to R-134a?

The substantive differences are GWP (R-516A 140 vs R-134a 1430 — a 90% reduction) and safety class (R-516A A2L lower flammability vs R-134a A1 non-flammable). R-516A is the structural very-low-GWP replacement where A2L safety procedures are acceptable.

›What lubricant does R-516A use?

Polyolester (POE) oil. Mineral oil and alkylbenzene are not miscible. POE is hygroscopic; deep vacuum matters.

›Does R-516A have temperature glide?

Negligible — less than 0.5°F at any operating point. R-516A is near-azeotropic; use the dew column for superheat and the bubble column for subcooling. Charging by gauge is more reliable than for high-glide blends like R-454C or R-407C.

›Is R-516A below the AIM Act and EU F-Gas GWP thresholds?

Yes to both. GWP 140 is below every 40 CFR 84.54 limit under the AIM Act (the lowest is 150) and below the 150 limit in EU F-Gas 517/2014 Annex III rows 11 and 13. R-516A is one of the very-low-GWP A2L refrigerants meeting the EU's long-term replacement objectives.

Download this dataset

Full PT chart for R-516A · CC BY 4.0 · attribute the source

CSV JSON

Sources & citations

[1]
2017 Guideline for Assignment of Refrigerant Container Colors (AHRI Guideline N-2017). AHRI. 2017. https://www.ahrinet.org/system/files/2023-06/AHRI_Guideline_N_2017.pdf (accessed October 2, 2026)
[2]
40 CFR 84.112 — Reclamation. eCFR (Office of the Federal Register). up to date as of 9/25/2026. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-84/subpart-C/section-84.112 (accessed October 2, 2026). 89 FR 82859, Oct. 11, 2024
[3]
CoolProp 7.2.0. CoolProp (I. H. Bell, J. Wronski, S. Quoilin, V. Lemort). https://coolprop.org/ (accessed October 2, 2026). Bell, I. H.; Wronski, J.; Quoilin, S.; Lemort, V. Pure and Pseudo-pure Fluid Thermophysical Property Evaluation and the Open-Source Thermophysical Property Library CoolProp. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53, 2498–2508 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie4033999

R-516A PT chart — printable saturation table

R-516A PT Chart — Pressure-Temperature Saturation Table

Saturation pressure-temperature curve

At a glance

Chemistry

Lubricant compatibility

Blend composition

Common applications

Properties

What is R-516A?

Where R-516A is used

Regulatory & phase-down status

Service notes

Operating cycle

Phase-down timeline

US new-equipment rules (40 CFR 84.54)

Global warming potential, in context

Retrofit and replacement paths

R-516A replaces

More on R-516A

Calculators

Guides

R-516A vs R-134a: saturation pressure

Frequently asked

Download this dataset

Sources & citations